Matt Wang 2495d3e6bb
refactor: modularize site components (#1058)
Hi everyone, this is a large refactoring PR that looks to **modularize site components** following the discussion in #959. At the top-level, it:

- moves icons, the sidebar, header (navbar, search, aux links), footer, and mermaid components of the `default` layout into their own `_includes`
- creates a new `minimal` layout that does not render the header or sidebar as a proof-of-concept for the composability of components
- documents all existing and new layouts (including vendor code) in the "Customization" section 

An important goal of this PR is for it to be **just code motion and flexibility**: there should be **zero impact** on the average end user that only consumes the `default` theme.

The next few sections go in-depth on each of the listed changes.

### new components

The `default` layout contains a "list" of all relevant components. Importantly, some of these components have sub-components:

- the header is split into the search bar, custom code, and aux links
- the icons include imports different icon components, some of which are conditionally imported by feature guards

There are also candidates for future splits and joins:

- the sidebar could be split into navigation, collections, external link, and header/footer code
- the "search footer" could be joined with other search code, which would make it easier to "include search" in one go; *however, this is a markup change*
- @kevinlin1 has pointed out that there is some leakage between the sidebar (which computes parents/grandparents) and the breadcrumbs (which needs them to render). He's graciously added a bandaid fix to `minimal` (which does not render the sidebar). However, in the long term, we should either:
    - calculate this in a parent and pass the information to both components
    - change how this works entirely (which may happen with multi-level navigation)

@pdmosses has done a great job outlining this and more in his [Modular Layouts test site](https://pdmosses.github.io/modular-layouts/docs/main/).

### minimal layout

Based on @kevinlin1's use-case in just-the-class (see: his [Winter 2023 CSE 373 site](https://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/cse373/23wi/)), we've created a first-class `minimal` layout that does not render the sidebar or header.

In a [comment](https://github.com/just-the-docs/just-the-docs/pull/1058#discussion_r1057015039), Kevin has indicated that we can re-add the search bar in the minimal layout; however, it seems like this would be a code change. I think we should punt this to a future issue/PR.

@pdmosses has also discussed the confusion of `minimal` as a layout and its meaning in inheritance. I've added a note in documentation to clarify the (lack of) inheritance relationship.

### documentation

I've written documentation in the "Customization" page / [Custom layouts and includes](https://deploy-preview-1058--just-the-docs.netlify.app/docs/customization/#custom-layouts-and-includes) section explaining:

- generally, that we use includes/layouts (and pointing to docs)
- the `default` layout and its constituent components (with a warning about name collisions)
- creating alternative layouts with `minimal` as an example
- the inheritance chain of layouts and the vendor layouts that we consume

I've also created (and linked to) a [minimal layout test](https://deploy-preview-1058--just-the-docs.netlify.app/docs/minimal-test/) that is currently a copy of the markdown kitchen sink but with the minimal layout. I think there's room to improve this in the future.

### future work

I think there's a lot we can do. Let me break this into various sections.

Potential follow-ups before `v0.4.0`:

- re-including search in `minimal` (anticipating a minor code change)
- fixing the leakage of parent/grandparent information between the sidebar and breadcrumbs (anticipating no end-user code change, but good to evaluate separately and discuss)
- heavily document this in the migration guide (#1059) and in our RC4 release docs
- improve semantic markup for components (ex `main`, `nav`)

Related work in later minor versions:

- split up components into smaller components
- allow users to easily customize new layouts using frontmatter (see @kevinlin1's [comment in #959](https://github.com/just-the-docs/just-the-docs/issues/959#issuecomment-1249755249))

Related work for `v1.0` (i.e. a major breaking change):

- rename and better categorize existing includes
    - standardizing the "custom" includes
    - moving other components to the `components/` folder (ex `head`, `nav`)
    - potentially: less confusing naming for various components
- potentially separate the search and header as components, so that they are completely independent 

Tangentially related work:

- more flexible grid (see @JPrevost's [comment in this PR thread](https://github.com/just-the-docs/just-the-docs/pull/1058#issuecomment-1363314610))
- a formal [feature model](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_model) of JTD, documenting feature dependence (see @pdmosses's [comment in this PR thread](https://github.com/just-the-docs/just-the-docs/pull/1058#issuecomment-1365414023))
- better annotate new features (motivated by writing these docs)
    - we should add "New" to new features :) 
    - we should note when a feature was introduced (I think this is a core part of most software documentation)
    - we should annotate things that are "Advanced" in so far as the average Just the Docs user will not use them / they require significant Jekyll knowledge


--- 

Closes #959.
2023-01-07 16:08:45 -08:00

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HTML

<div class="side-bar">
<div class="site-header">
<a href="{{ '/' | relative_url }}" class="site-title lh-tight">{% include title.html %}</a>
<a href="#" id="menu-button" class="site-button">
<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon"><use xlink:href="#svg-menu"></use></svg>
</a>
</div>
<nav aria-label="Main" id="site-nav" class="site-nav">
{% assign pages_top_size = site.html_pages
| where_exp:"item", "item.title != nil"
| where_exp:"item", "item.parent == nil"
| where_exp:"item", "item.nav_exclude != true"
| size %}
{% if pages_top_size > 0 %}
{% include nav.html pages=site.html_pages key=nil %}
{% endif %}
{%- if site.nav_external_links -%}
<ul class="nav-list">
{%- for node in site.nav_external_links -%}
<li class="nav-list-item external">
<a href="{{ node.url | absolute_url }}" class="nav-list-link external">
{{ node.title }}
{% unless node.hide_icon %}<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-labelledby="svg-external-link-title"><use xlink:href="#svg-external-link"></use></svg>{% endunless %}
</a>
</li>
{%- endfor -%}
</ul>
{%- endif -%}
{% if site.just_the_docs.collections %}
{% assign collections_size = site.just_the_docs.collections | size %}
{% for collection_entry in site.just_the_docs.collections %}
{% assign collection_key = collection_entry[0] %}
{% assign collection_value = collection_entry[1] %}
{% assign collection = site[collection_key] %}
{% if collection_value.nav_exclude != true %}
{% if collections_size > 1 or pages_top_size > 0 %}
{% if collection_value.nav_fold == true %}
<ul class="nav-list nav-category-list">
<li class="nav-list-item{% if page.collection == collection_key %} active{% endif %}">
{%- if collection.size > 0 -%}
<a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></a>
{%- endif -%}
<div class="nav-category">{{ collection_value.name }}</div>
{% include nav.html pages=collection key=collection_key %}
</li>
</ul>
{% else %}
<div class="nav-category">{{ collection_value.name }}</div>
{% include nav.html pages=collection key=collection_key %}
{% endif %}
{% else %}
{% include nav.html pages=collection key=collection_key %}
{% endif %}
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
</nav>
{% capture nav_footer_custom %}
{%- include nav_footer_custom.html -%}
{% endcapture %}
{% if nav_footer_custom != "" %}
{{ nav_footer_custom }}
{% else %}
<footer class="site-footer">
This site uses <a href="https://github.com/just-the-docs/just-the-docs">Just the Docs</a>, a documentation theme for Jekyll.
</footer>
{% endif %}
</div>