mybuddy/README.md

<img src="babybuddy/static_src/logo/icon.png" height="150" align="left">

# Baby Buddy

A buddy for babies! Helps caregivers track sleep, feedings, diaper changes, and
tummy time to learn about and predict baby's needs without (*as much*) guess
work.

![Baby Buddy desktop view](screenshot.png)

![Baby Buddy mobile views](screenshot_mobile.png)

**Table of Contents**

- [Demo](#demo)
- [Deployment](#deployment)
  - [AWS Elastic Beanstalk](#aws-elastic-beanstalk)
  - [Docker](#docker)
  - [Heroku](#heroku)
  - [Manual](#manual)
- [Configuration](#configuration)
- [API](#api)
  - [Authentication](#authentication)
  - [`GET` Method](#get-method)
  - [`OPTIONS` Method](#options-method)
  - [`POST` Method](#post-method)
- [Contributing](#contributing)

## Demo

A [demo of Baby Buddy](http://demo.baby-buddy.net) is available on Heroku.
The demo instance resets every hour. Login credentials are:

- Username: `admin`
- Password: `admin`

## Deployment

The default user name and password for Baby Buddy is `admin`/`admin`. For any
deployment, **log in and change the default admin password immediately**.

Many of Baby Buddy's configuration settings can be controlled using environment
variables - see [Configuration](#configuration) for detailed information.

### AWS Elastic Beanstalk

A basic [Elastic Beanstalk](https://aws.amazon.com/elasticbeanstalk/)
configuration is provided in `.ebextensions/babybuddy.config`.   The steps
below are a rough guide to deployment. See [Working with Python](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticbeanstalk/latest/dg/create-deploy-python-apps.html)
for detailed information.

1. Clone/download the Baby Buddy repo

        git clone https://github.com/cdubz/babybuddy.git

1. Enter the cloned/downloaded directory

        cd babybuddy

1. Change the `SECRET_KEY` value to something random in `.ebextensions/babybuddy.config`

1. [Create an IAM user](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/id_users_create.html) in AWS with EB, EC2, RDS and S3 privileges.

1. Initialize the Elastic Bean application (using the IAM user from the previous step)

        eb init -p python-3.6

1. Create/deploy the environment! :rocket:

        eb create -db -db.engine postgres

The create command will also do an initial deployment. Run `eb deploy` to
redeploy the app (e.g. if there are errors or settings are changed).

### Docker

A Docker deployment requires [Docker](http://docker.com/) and
[Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/overview/) to create two
containers - one for the database and one for the application.

1. Copy the `docker.env.example` to `docker.env` and set the `ALLOWED_HOSTS` and
`SECRET_KEY` variables within

        cp docker.env.example docker.env
        editor docker.env

    *See [Configuration](#configuration) for other settings that can be
    controlled by environment variables added to the `docker.env` file.*

1. Build/run the application

        docker-compose up -d

1. Initialize the database *(first run/after updates)*

        docker-compose exec app python manage.py migrate

The app should now be locally available at
[http://127.0.0.1:8000](http://127.0.0.1:8000). See
[Get Started, Part 6: Deploy your app](https://docs.docker.com/get-started/part6/)
for detailed information about deployment methods with Docker.

### Heroku

[![Deploy](https://www.herokucdn.com/deploy/button.svg)](https://heroku.com/deploy)

For manual deployments to Heroku without using the deploy button, make sure to
create the following settings before pushing:

    heroku config:set DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=babybuddy.settings.heroku
    heroku config:set SECRET_KEY=<CHANGE TO SOMETHING RANDOM>
    heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC=1

See [Configuration](#configuration) for other settings that can be controlled
by `heroku config:set`.

### Manual

There are many ways to deploy Baby Buddy manually to any server/VPS. The basic 
requirements are Python, a web server, an application server, and a database.

#### Requirements

- Python 3.5+, pip, pipenv
- Web server ([nginx](http://nginx.org/), [Apache](http://httpd.apache.org/), etc.)
- Application server ([uwsgi](http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi), [gunicorn](http://gunicorn.org/), etc.)
- Database ([sqlite](https://sqlite.org/), [Postgres](https://www.postgresql.org/), [MySQL](https://www.mysql.com/), etc.)

#### Example deployment

*This example assumes a 512MB VPS instance with Ubuntu 16.04.* It uses
Python 3.5+, nginx, uwsgi and sqlite and should be sufficient for a few users
(e.g. two parents and 1+ child).

1. Install system packages

        sudo apt-get install python3 python3-pip nginx uwsgi uwsgi-plugin-python3 git libopenjp2-7-dev

1. Default python3 to python for this session

        alias python=python3

1. Install pipenv

        sudo -H pip3 install pipenv

1. Set up directories and files

        sudo mkdir /var/www/babybuddy
        sudo chown user:user /var/www/babybuddy
        mkdir -p /var/www/babybuddy/data/media
        git clone https://github.com/cdubz/babybuddy.git /var/www/babybuddy/public

1. Move in to the application folder

        cd /var/www/babybuddy/public

1. Initiate and enter the Python environment

        pipenv install --three
        pipenv shell
        
    **Note:** Python dependencies are locked on x86-64 architecture. Installs 
    on other architectures (like Raspberry Pi's ARM) may result in a 
    ``THESE PACKAGES DO NOT MATCH THE HASHES FROM Pipfile.lock!`` error. Add 
    the ``--skip-lock`` flag to the above command to suppress this error 
    (i.e.: ``pipenv install --three --dev --skip-lock``).

1. Create a production settings file and set the ``SECRET_KEY`` and ``ALLOWED_HOSTS`` values

        cp babybuddy/settings/production.example.py babybuddy/settings/production.py
        editor babybuddy/settings/production.py

1. Initiate the application

        export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=babybuddy.settings.production
        python manage.py migrate

1. Set appropriate permissions on the database and data folder

        sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/babybuddy/data
        sudo chmod 640 /var/www/babybuddy/data/db.sqlite3
        sudo chmod 750 /var/www/babybuddy/data

1. Create and configure the uwsgi app

        sudo editor /etc/uwsgi/apps-available/babybuddy.ini

    Example config:

        [uwsgi]
        plugins = python3
        project = babybuddy
        base_dir = /var/www/babybuddy

        virtualenv = /path/to/venv
        chdir = %(base_dir)/public
        module =  %(project).wsgi:application
        env = DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=%(project).settings.production
        master = True
        vacuum = True

    See the [uWSGI documentation](http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)
    for more advanced configuration details.

    **Note: Find the location of the pipenv virtual environment for the
    `virtualenv` parameter with the command `pipenv --venv`.**

1. Symlink config and restart uWSGI:

        sudo ln -s /etc/uwsgi/apps-available/babybuddy.ini /etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled/babybuddy.ini
        sudo service uwsgi restart

1. Create and configure the nginx server

        sudo editor /etc/nginx/sites-available/babybuddy

    Example config:

        upstream babybuddy {
            server unix:///var/run/uwsgi/app/babybuddy/socket;
        }

        server {
            listen 80;
            server_name babybuddy.example.com;

            location / {
                uwsgi_pass babybuddy;
                include uwsgi_params;
            }
            
            location /media {
                alias /var/www/babybuddy/data/media;
            }
        }

    See the [nginx documentation](https://nginx.org/en/docs/) for more advanced
    configuration details.

1. Symlink config and restart NGINX:

        sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/babybuddy /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/babybuddy
        sudo service nginx restart

1. That's it (hopefully)! :tada:

## Configuration

Environment variables can be used to define a number of configuration settings.
Baby Buddy will check the application directory structure for an `.env` file or
take these variables from the system environment. **System environment variables
take precedence over the contents of an `.env` file.**

- [`ALLOWED_HOSTS`](#allowed_hosts)
- [`ALLOW_UPLOADS`](#allow_uploads)
- [`AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`](#aws_access_key_id)
- [`AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`](#aws_secret_access_key)
- [`AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME`](#aws_storage_bucket_name)
- [`DEBUG`](#debug)
- [`NAP_START_MAX`](#nap_start_max)
- [`NAP_START_MIN`](#nap_start_min)
- [`SECRET_KEY`](#secret_key)
- [`TIME_ZONE`](#time_zone)

### `ALLOWED_HOSTS`

*Default: * (any)*

This option may be set to a single host or comma-separated list of hosts
(without spaces). This should *always* be set to a specific host or hosts in
production deployments.

See also: [Django's documentation on the ALLOWED_HOSTS setting](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#allowed-hosts)

### `ALLOW_UPLOADS`

*Default: True*

Whether or not to allow uploads (e.g. of Child photos). For some deployments
(AWS, Heroku, Nanobox) this setting will default to False due to the lack of
available persistent storage.

### `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`

*Default: None*

Required to access your AWS S3 bucket, should be uniquely generated per bucket
for security.

See also: [`AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME`](#aws_storage_bucket_name)

### `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`

*Default: None*

Required to access your AWS S3 bucket, should be uniquely generated per bucket
for security.

See also: [`AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME`](#aws_storage_bucket_name)

### `AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME`

*Default: None*

If you would like to use AWS S3 for storage on ephemeral storage platforms like
Heroku you will need to create a bucket and add it's name. See django-storages'
[Amazon S3 documentation]
(http://django-storages.readthedocs.io/en/latest/backends/amazon-S3.html).

### `DEBUG`

*Default: False*

When in debug mode, Baby Buddy will print much more detailed error information
for exceptions. This setting should be *False* in production deployments.

See also [Django's documentation on the DEBUG setting](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#debug).

### `NAP_START_MAX`

*Default: 18:00*

The maximum *start* time (in the instance's time zone) before which a sleep
entry is consider a nap. Expects the format %H:%M.

### `NAP_START_MIN`

*Default: 06:00*

The minimum *start* time (in the instance's time zone) after which a sleep
entry is considered a nap. Expects the format %H:%M.

### `SECRET_KEY`

*Default: None*

A random, unique string must be set as the "secret key" before Baby Buddy can
be deployed and run.

See also [Django's documentation on the SECRET_KEY setting](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#secret-key).

### `TIME_ZONE`

*Default: Etc/UTC*

The time zone to use for the instance. See [List of tz database time zones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones)
for all possible values.

## API

Baby Buddy uses the [Django REST Framework](http://www.django-rest-framework.org/)
(DRF) to provide a REST API.

The only requirement for (most) requests is that the `Authorization` header is
set as described in the [Authentication](#authentication) section. The one
exception is the `/api` endpoint, which lists all available endpoints.

Currently, the following endpoints are available for `GET`, `OPTIONS`, and
`POST` requests:

- `/api/children/`
- `/api/changes/` (Diaper Changes)
- `/api/feedings/`
- `/api/notes/`
- `/api/sleep/`
- `/api/timers/`
- `/api/tummy-times/`
- `/api/weight/`

### Authentication

By default, the [TokenAuthentication](http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/authentication/#tokenauthentication)
and [SessionAuthentication](http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/authentication/#sessionauthentication)
classes are enabled. Session authentication covers local API requests made by
the application itself. Token authentication allows external requests to be
made.

:exclamation: **In a production environment, token authentication should only
be used for API calls to an `https` endpoint.** :exclamation:

Each user is automatically assigned an API key that can be used for token
authentication. This key can be found on the User Settings page for the logged
in the user. To use a key for an API request, set the request `Authorization`
header to `Token <user-key>`. E.g.

    Authorization: Token 2h23807gd72h7hop382p98hd823dw3g665g56

If the `Authorization` header is not set or the key is not valid, the API will
return `403 Forbidden` with additional details in the response body.

### `GET` Method

#### Request

The `limit` and `offset` request parameters can be used to limit
and offset the results set respectively. For example, the following request
will return five diaper changes starting from the 10th diaper change entry:

    curl -X GET 'https://[...]/api/changes/?limit=5&offset=10' -H 'Authorization: Token [...]'
    {
        "count": <int>,
        "next": "https://[...]/api/changes/?limit=5&offset=15",
        "previous": "https://[...]/api/changes/?limit=5&offset=5",
        "results": [...]
    }

Field-based filters for specific endpoints can be found the in the `filters`
field of the `OPTIONS` response for specific endpoints.

#### Response

Returns JSON data in the response body in the following format:

    {
        "count":<int>,
        "next":<url>,
        "previous":<url>,
        "results":[{...}]
    }

- `count`: Total number of records (*in the database*, not just the response).
- `next`: URL for the next set of results.
- `previous`: URL for the previous set of results.
- `results`: An array of the results of the request.

### `OPTIONS` Method

#### Request

All endpoints will respond to an `OPTIONS` request with detailed information
about the endpoint's purpose, parameters, filters, etc.

#### Response

Returns JSON data in the response body describing the endpoint, available
options for `POST` requests, and available filters for `GET` requests. The
following example describes the `/api/children` endpoint:

    {
        "name": "Child List",
        "renders": [
            "application/json",
            "text/html"
        ],
        "parses": [
            "application/json",
            "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
            "multipart/form-data"
        ],
        "actions": {
            "POST": {
                "id": {
                    "type": "integer",
                    "required": false,
                    "read_only": true,
                    "label": "ID"
                },
                [...]
            }
        },
        "filters": [
            "first_name",
            "last_name",
            "slug"
        ]
    }

### `POST` Method

#### Request

To add new entries for a particular endpoint, send a `POST` request with the
entry data in JSON format in the request body. The `Content-Type` header for
`POST` request must be set to `application/json`.

Regular sanity checks will be performed on relevant data. See the `OPTIONS`
response for a particular endpoint for details on required fields and data
formats.

#### Response

Returns JSON data in the response body describing the added/updated instance or
error details if errors exist. Errors are keyed by either the field in error or
the general string "non_field_errors" (usually when validation incorporates
multiple fields).

## Contributing

Contributions are welcome! See [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md) for detailed
information about how to develop and contribute to Baby Buddy.