872 lines
30 KiB
Plaintext
872 lines
30 KiB
Plaintext
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head 1.12;
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access ;
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symbols;
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locks; strict;
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comment @@;
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1.12
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date 2006.08.29.03.07.41; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.11;
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1.11
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date 2006.07.09.06.29.25; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.10;
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1.10
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date 2006.07.09.05.02.36; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.9;
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1.9
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date 2006.07.07.01.45.32; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.8;
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1.8
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date 2006.07.06.05.44.45; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.7;
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1.7
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date 2006.07.05.07.37.55; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.6;
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1.6
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date 2006.07.05.04.28.27; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.5;
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1.5
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date 2006.07.04.06.59.30; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.4;
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1.4
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date 2006.07.04.04.55.19; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.3;
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1.3
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date 2006.06.08.04.21.57; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.2;
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1.2
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date 2006.06.02.06.07.37; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next 1.1;
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1.1
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date 2006.06.01.05.55.39; author DonovanSharp; state Exp;
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branches;
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next ;
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desc
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@@
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1.12
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log
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@@
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text
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@%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1156820861" format="1.1" reprev="1.12" version="1.12"}%
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%META:TOPICPARENT{name="SddContents"}%
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---++SDD Part 0: Introduction and Primer to the SDD Standard
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---+++2.4 Dichotomous keys.
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---++++2.4.1 Traditional dichotomous keys.
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Dichotomous keys (Box 2.3.1) are specialised identification tools comprising fragments of descriptive data arranged in couplets forming a branching tree. Each fragment (lead) comprises a small (occasionally verbose) natural-language description. Each node in the tree typically has two branches (dichotomy) but may have three (trichotomy) or more branches. Several differing formats of dichotomous keys are traditionally used.
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---++++Box 2.4.1 - Typical dichotomous keys
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<div align="center">
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<table bgcolor="#ddddff" border="0" cellpadding="5" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="80%" id="table7" >
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px">
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<b>Key to Ascomycete genera</b></td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px"> </td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px">
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<br>
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Ascus unitunicate</td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px"> </td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px">
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Clypeus present around ostiolar neck</td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px"> </td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px">
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Clypeus poorly developed</td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px">
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<i>Glomerella</i></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px">
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Clypeus well developed</td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px">
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<i>Hyllachora</i></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px">
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Clypeus lacking</td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px"> </td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px">
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Ascus widest in middle</td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px">
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<i>Physalospora</i></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px">
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Ascus clavate or cylindrical</td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px">
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<i>Glomerella</i></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px">
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Ascus bitunicate</td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px"> </td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px">
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Ascostroma uniloculate</td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px">
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<i>Guignardia</i></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="409" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px">
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Ascostroma muliloculate</td>
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<td align="right" style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px">
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<i>Botryosphaeria</i></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<br>
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<div align="center">
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<table bgcolor="#ddddff" border="1" cellpadding="5" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="80%" id="table8">
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<tr>
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<td style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium" colspan="3">
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<b>Key to Australian skinks in the genus <i>Ctenotus</i></b></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">1</td>
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<td style="border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">Dark upper lateral zone with one or more distinct series of
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pale spots or blotches along the body</td>
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<td width="114" valign="bottom" align="right" style="border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">2</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">1a</td>
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<td style="border-style: none; border-width: medium">Dark upper lateral zone obscurely mottled or uniform with at
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most a few pale spots anteriorly</td>
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<td width="114" valign="bottom" align="right" style="border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">3</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">2</td>
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<td style="border-style: none; border-width: medium">Fewer than 25 lamellae under the fourth toe; supralabials 7-8 (usually 7); prefrontals separated</td>
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<td width="114" valign="bottom" align="right" style="border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">
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<i>C. arcanus</i></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">2a</td>
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<td style="border-style: none; border-width: medium">More than 25 lamellae under the fourth toe; supralabials 8-9
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(usually 8); prefrontals usually in contact</td>
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<td width="114" valign="bottom" align="right" style="border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">
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<i>C. alleni</i></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">3</td>
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<td style="border-style: none; border-width: medium">Pale mid-lateral stripe passes over the hindlimb to continue
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along the tail </td>
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<td width="114" valign="bottom" align="right" style="border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium">
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<i>C. inornatus</i></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px">3a</td>
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<td style="border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px">Pale mid-lateral stripe extends to groin, then continues
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along the front edge of the hindlimb</td>
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<td width="114" valign="bottom" align="right" style="border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px">
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<i>C. coggeri</i></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<div align="center">
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<table bgcolor="#ddddff" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="80%">
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<tr>
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<td colspan="4" align="left" style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px"><b>Key to <i>Aira</i> naturalized in Australia</b></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px" width="5%" height="35" rowspan="3" valign="top">1.</td>
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<td width="50%" height="15" valign="top">Inflorescence open and spreading</td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="15" valign="top">2</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50%" height="15" valign="top">Inflorescence dense and spike-like</td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="15" valign="top"><b>*</b><b>A.
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praecox</b></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50%" height="10" valign="top"></td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="10" valign="top"></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px" width="5%" height="35" rowspan="3" valign="top">2.</td>
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<td width="50%" height="15" valign="top">Pedicels 3-8 times spikelet length</td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="15" valign="top">3</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50%" height="15" valign="top">Pedicels up to 3 times spikelet length</td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="15" valign="top">4</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50%" height="10" valign="top"></td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="10" valign="top"></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px" width="5%" height="35" rowspan="3" valign="top">3.</td>
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<td width="50%" height="15" valign="top">Spikelets c. 3.5 mm long</td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="15" valign="top"><b>*A. provincialis</b></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50%" height="15" valign="top">Spikelets c. 2 mm long</td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="15" valign="top"><b>*A. elegantissima</b></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50%" height="10" valign="top"></td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="10" valign="top"></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px" width="5%" height="35" rowspan="3" valign="top">4.</td>
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<td width="50%" height="15" valign="top">Spikelets 2-2.5 mm long</td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="15" valign="top"><b>*A. cupaniana</b></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="50%" height="15" valign="top">Spikelets 2.5-3.2 mm long</td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px" width="45%" height="15" valign="top"><b>*A. caryophyllea</b></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px" width="50%" height="10" valign="top"></td>
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<td style="border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px" width="45%" height="10" valign="top"></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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---+++2.4.2 SDD representation of dichotomous keys
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While dichotomous keys can be presented in various formats, the essential elements of all dichotomous keys are identical. Each consists of a tree of questions, each with two (or occasionally more) possible choices, each choice leading to another question or a taxon.
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A dichotomous key rendered in SDD requires three essential items: the names of the taxa being described, a set of questions (leads) used to separate the taxa, and the nodes defining the structure of the leads.
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A simple SDD instance document for dichotomous key data has the basic structure shown below and in Example 2.4.2.
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There are at least two different ways of generating a dichotomous key in a well structured SDD instance document, using statements or questions, these will be dealt with separately.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
%ATTACHURL%/identificationkey.gif
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
---++++Example 2.4.2 - Dichotomous keys within SDD
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<table bgcolor="#ddddff" border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="5" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<tr>
|
||
|
|
<td>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<verbatim>
|
||
|
|
<Datasets>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<TechnicalMetadata>
|
||
|
|
... information about the generator (Technical metadata)
|
||
|
|
</TechnicalMetadata>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<Dataset>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<TaxonNames>
|
||
|
|
... naming the entities described (Taxon names)
|
||
|
|
</TaxonNames>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<IdentificationKeys>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<IdentificationKey>
|
||
|
|
... the dichotomous key structure (see below)
|
||
|
|
</IdentificationKey>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</IdentificationKeys>
|
||
|
|
</Dataset>
|
||
|
|
</Datasets>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</verbatim>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
---+++2.4.3 Dichotomous keys using statements
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
A dichotomous key structured with statements consists mostly of the elements <lead> and <result>. <Lead> points to another couplet while <Result> points to a taxon name.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
---++++Example 2.4.3 - Structure of dichotomous keys within SDD (statements)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<table bgcolor="#ddddff" border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="5" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<tr>
|
||
|
|
<td>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<verbatim>
|
||
|
|
<IdentificationKey id="key1">
|
||
|
|
<Representation>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Key to Australian Aira Using statements </Label>
|
||
|
|
</Representation>
|
||
|
|
<Leads>
|
||
|
|
<Lead id="lead1">
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Inflorescence open and spreading </Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
</Lead>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Inflorescence dense and spike-like </Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="t1"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
<Lead id="lead2">
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead1"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Pedicels 3-8 times spikelet length </Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
</Lead>
|
||
|
|
<Lead id="lead3">
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead1"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Pedicels up to 3 times spikelet length </Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
</Lead>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead2"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Spikelets c. 3.5 mm long </Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="t2"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead2"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Spikelets c. 2 mm long </Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="t3"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead3"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Spikelets 2-2.5 mm long </Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="t4"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead3".>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Spikelets 2.5-3.2 mm long </Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="t5"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
</Leads>
|
||
|
|
</IdentificationKey>
|
||
|
|
</verbatim>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
---+++2.4.4 Dichotomous keys using questions
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
When a dichotomous key in an SDD instance document is structured with questions the statements act as answers to questions rather than independent statements.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
---++++Example 2.4.4.1 - Structure of dichotomous keys within SDD (questions)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<table bgcolor="#ddddff" border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="5" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<tr>
|
||
|
|
<td>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<verbatim>
|
||
|
|
<IdentificationKey id="key1">
|
||
|
|
<Representation>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Key to Ascomycete genera</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Representation>
|
||
|
|
<Question>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Is the ascus unitunicate</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Question>
|
||
|
|
<Leads>
|
||
|
|
<Lead id="lead1">
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>yes, unitunicate</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Question>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Is a clypeus present</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Question>
|
||
|
|
</Lead>
|
||
|
|
<Lead id="lead2">
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>no, bitubinate</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Question>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Is ascostroma uniloculate</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Question>
|
||
|
|
</Lead>
|
||
|
|
<Lead id="lead3">
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead1"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>yes, clypeus present around ostiolar neck</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Question>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Is clypeus well developed</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Question>
|
||
|
|
</Lead>
|
||
|
|
<Lead id="lead4">
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead1"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>no, clypeus lacking</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Question>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Is ascus widest in middle</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Question>
|
||
|
|
</Lead>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead3"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>clypeus poorly developed</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="taxon1"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead3"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>clypeus well developed</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="taxon2"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead4"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>ascus widest in middle</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="taxon3"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead4".>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>ascus clavate or cylindrical</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="taxon1"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead2"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>ascostoma uniloculate</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="taxon4"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Parent ref="lead2"/>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>ascostoma multiloculate</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="taxon5"/>
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
</Leads>
|
||
|
|
</IdentificationKey>
|
||
|
|
</verbatim>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
For more information on defining taxon names using the <TaxonNames> element, see the topic [[TaxonNames][Defining taxon names]].
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Note that taxa can also be arranged into hierarchies. See the topic [[TaxonHierarchies][Defining taxon hierarchies]] for more information.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<Scope> describes the taxon or set of taxa to which the description applies.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The <Result> element may include a <Subkey> element, which points to another complete dichotomous key. This allows a main/subkey arrangement, for example a key to the genera of a family with results leading to a subkey identifying the species within each genus.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
---++++Example 2.4.4.2 - Subkeys within SDD dichotomous keys.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<table bgcolor="#ddddff" border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="5" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<tr>
|
||
|
|
<td>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<verbatim>
|
||
|
|
<IdentificationKeys>
|
||
|
|
<IdentificationKey id="key 1">
|
||
|
|
<Representation>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Key to genera</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Representation>
|
||
|
|
<Leads>
|
||
|
|
<Lead id="lead1">
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Inflorescence open and spreading</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
</Lead>
|
||
|
|
<Result>
|
||
|
|
<Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Label>Inflorescence dense and spike-like</Label>
|
||
|
|
</Statement>
|
||
|
|
<Subkey ref="key 2"/> (key to species of first genus))
|
||
|
|
</Result>
|
||
|
|
. . . etc.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</IdentificationKey>
|
||
|
|
</IdentificationKeys>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</verbatim>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
-- Main.DonovanSharp - 01 Jun 2006
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
%META:FILEATTACHMENT{name="identificationkey2.gif" attr="" autoattached="1" comment="" date="1152236495" path="identificationkey2.gif" size="8446" user="Main.DonovanSharp" version="1"}%
|
||
|
|
%META:FILEATTACHMENT{name="identificationkey.gif" attr="" autoattached="1" comment="" date="1152425392" path="identificationkey.gif" size="6008" user="Main.DonovanSharp" version="4"}%
|
||
|
|
@
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1.11
|
||
|
|
log
|
||
|
|
@@
|
||
|
|
text
|
||
|
|
@d1 1
|
||
|
|
a1 1
|
||
|
|
%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1152426565" format="1.1" reprev="1.11" version="1.11"}%
|
||
|
|
d5 2
|
||
|
|
a6 2
|
||
|
|
---+++2.3 Dichotomous keys.
|
||
|
|
---++++2.3.1 Traditional dichotomous keys.
|
||
|
|
d10 1
|
||
|
|
a10 1
|
||
|
|
---++++Box 2.3.1 - Typical dichotomous keys
|
||
|
|
d192 1
|
||
|
|
a192 1
|
||
|
|
---+++2.3.2 SDD representation of dichotomous keys
|
||
|
|
d198 1
|
||
|
|
a198 1
|
||
|
|
A simple SDD instance document for dichotomous key data has the basic structure shown below and in Example 2.3.2.
|
||
|
|
d204 1
|
||
|
|
a204 1
|
||
|
|
---++++Example 2.3.2 - Dichotomous keys within SDD
|
||
|
|
d241 1
|
||
|
|
a241 1
|
||
|
|
---+++2.3.3 Dichotomous keys using statements
|
||
|
|
d245 1
|
||
|
|
a245 1
|
||
|
|
---++++Example 2.3.3 - Structure of dichotomous keys within SDD (statements)
|
||
|
|
d319 1
|
||
|
|
a319 1
|
||
|
|
---+++2.3.4 Dichotomous keys using questions
|
||
|
|
d323 1
|
||
|
|
a323 1
|
||
|
|
---++++Example 2.3.4 - Structure of dichotomous keys within SDD (questions)
|
||
|
|
d432 2
|
||
|
|
@
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1.10
|
||
|
|
log
|
||
|
|
@@
|
||
|
|
text
|
||
|
|
@d1 1
|
||
|
|
a1 1
|
||
|
|
%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1152421356" format="1.1" reprev="1.10" version="1.10"}%
|
||
|
|
d196 1
|
||
|
|
a196 1
|
||
|
|
A coded sample description requires three essential items: the names of the taxa being described, a set of questions (leads) used to separate the taxa, and the nodes defining the structure of the leads.
|
||
|
|
d198 1
|
||
|
|
a198 1
|
||
|
|
A simple SDD instance document for coded summary data has the basic structure shown below and in Example 2.3.2.
|
||
|
|
d200 2
|
||
|
|
a242 2
|
||
|
|
There are at least two different ways of generating a dichotomous key in a well structured SDD instance document, using statements or questions
|
||
|
|
d430 1
|
||
|
|
d425 1
|
||
|
|
d427 1
|
||
|
|
d429 41
|
||
|
|
a473 1
|
||
|
|
%META:FILEATTACHMENT{name="identificationkey.gif" attr="" autoattached="1" comment="" date="1152420839" path="identificationkey.gif" size="5887" user="Main.DonovanSharp" version="3"}%
|
||
|
|
@
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1.9
|
||
|
|
log
|
||
|
|
@@
|
||
|
|
text
|
||
|
|
@d1 1
|
||
|
|
a1 1
|
||
|
|
%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1152236732" format="1.1" reprev="1.9" version="1.9"}%
|
||
|
|
d8 1
|
||
|
|
a8 1
|
||
|
|
Dichotomous keys (Box 2.3.1) are specialised identification tools comprising fragments of descriptive data arranged in couplets forming a branching tree. Each fragment (lead) comprises a small (occasionally verbose) natural-language description.
|
||
|
|
d100 1
|
||
|
|
a100 2
|
||
|
|
<td style="border-style: none; border-width: medium">Fewer than 25 lamellae under the fourth toe; supralabials
|
||
|
|
7-8 (usually 7); prefrontals separated</td>
|
||
|
|
d194 1
|
||
|
|
a194 1
|
||
|
|
Within the SDD structure dichotomous keys are coded with the element < IdentificationKey >, nested within a [[SddDatasets][<Dataset>]] as below.
|
||
|
|
d196 4
|
||
|
|
a238 7
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
While dichotomous keys can be presented in various formats, the essential elements of all dichotomous keys are identical. Each consists of a tree of questions, each with two (or occasionally more) possible choices, each choice leading to another question or a taxon. SDD represents this with lists of <Questions> and <Leads>. The [[IdentificationKey][<IdentificationKey>]] element also contains a [[SddScope][<Scope>]] element, where the entities covered by the description may be defined.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
%ATTACHURL%/identificationkey2.gif
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
These consistent elements are represented in SDD with the following structure.
|
||
|
|
d430 1
|
||
|
|
a430 1
|
||
|
|
%META:FILEATTACHMENT{name="identificationkey.gif" attr="" autoattached="1" comment="" date="1152236509" path="identificationkey.gif" size="2890" user="Main.DonovanSharp" version="1"}%
|
||
|
|
@
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1.8
|
||
|
|
log
|
||
|
|
@@
|
||
|
|
text
|
||
|
|
@d1 1
|
||
|
|
a1 1
|
||
|
|
%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1152164685" format="1.1" reprev="1.8" version="1.8"}%
|
||
|
|
d197 1
|
||
|
|
a197 1
|
||
|
|
%ATTACHURL%/identificationkey.jpg
|
||
|
|
d239 1
|
||
|
|
a239 1
|
||
|
|
%ATTACHURL%/identificationkey2.jpg
|
||
|
|
d433 2
|
||
|
|
a434 2
|
||
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%META:FILEATTACHMENT{name="identificationkey2.jpg" attr="" autoattached="1" comment="" date="1151995420" path="identificationkey2.jpg" size="12419" user="Main.DonovanSharp" version="1"}%
|
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%META:FILEATTACHMENT{name="identificationkey.jpg" attr="" autoattached="1" comment="" date="1149740488" path="identificationkey.jpg" size="16701" user="Main.DonovanSharp" version="1"}%
|
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@
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1.7
|
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log
|
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@@
|
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text
|
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@d1 1
|
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a1 1
|
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|
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%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1152085075" format="1.1" version="1.7"}%
|
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d201 4
|
||
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d231 2
|
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|
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d234 3
|
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d251 4
|
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d317 2
|
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d320 3
|
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d329 5
|
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d424 2
|
||
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d427 1
|
||
|
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a427 1
|
||
|
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---+++2.3.5 The scope element in SDD dichotomous keys
|
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a428 3
|
||
|
|
no content yet
|
||
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|
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scope subkeys
|
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@
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1.6
|
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log
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@@
|
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text
|
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@d1 1
|
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a1 1
|
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%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1152073707" format="1.1" version="1.6"}%
|
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d228 1
|
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a228 1
|
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While dichotomous keys can be presented in various formats, the essential elements of all dichotomous keys are identical. Each consists of a tree of questions, each with two (or occasionally more) possible choices, each choice leading to another question or a taxon.
|
||
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@
|
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1.5
|
||
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log
|
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@@
|
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text
|
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@d1 1
|
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a1 1
|
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|
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%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1151996370" format="1.1" reprev="1.5" version="1.5"}%
|
||
|
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d195 1
|
||
|
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a195 1
|
||
|
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Within the SDD structure dichotomous keys are coded with the element < IdentificationKey >, nested within a <[[SddDatasets][dataset]]> as below.
|
||
|
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@
|
||
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|
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|
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1.4
|
||
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log
|
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@@
|
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text
|
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@d1 1
|
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a1 1
|
||
|
|
%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1151988919" format="1.1" reprev="1.4" version="1.4"}%
|
||
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d228 1
|
||
|
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a228 1
|
||
|
|
While dichotomous keys can be presented in various formats, the essential elements of all dichotomous keys are identical. Each consists of a tree of questions, each with two (or occasionally more) possible choices, each choice leading to another question or a taxon. These consistent elements are represented in SDD with the following structure.
|
||
|
|
d230 4
|
||
|
|
d402 1
|
||
|
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a402 1
|
||
|
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---+++2.3.5 Optional elements in SDD dichotomous keys
|
||
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d411 2
|
||
|
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a412 1
|
||
|
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%META:FILEATTACHMENT{name="identificationkey.jpg" attachment="identificationkey.jpg" attr="" comment="" date="1149740488" path="identificationkey.jpg" size="16701" stream="identificationkey.jpg" user="Main.DonovanSharp" version="1"}%
|
||
|
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@
|
||
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||
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|
||
|
|
1.3
|
||
|
|
log
|
||
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|
@@
|
||
|
|
text
|
||
|
|
@d1 1
|
||
|
|
a1 1
|
||
|
|
%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1149740517" format="1.1" reprev="1.3" version="1.3"}%
|
||
|
|
d195 1
|
||
|
|
a195 1
|
||
|
|
Within the SDD structure dichotomous keys are coded with the element < IdentificationKey >, nested within a [[SddDatasets][dataset]] as below.
|
||
|
|
d254 1
|
||
|
|
a254 1
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="1"/>
|
||
|
|
d273 1
|
||
|
|
a273 1
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="2"/>
|
||
|
|
d280 1
|
||
|
|
a280 1
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="3"/>
|
||
|
|
d287 1
|
||
|
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a287 1
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="4"/>
|
||
|
|
d294 1
|
||
|
|
a294 1
|
||
|
|
<TaxonName ref="5"/>
|
||
|
|
@
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1.2
|
||
|
|
log
|
||
|
|
@@
|
||
|
|
text
|
||
|
|
@d1 1
|
||
|
|
a1 1
|
||
|
|
%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1149228457" format="1.1" reprev="1.2" version="1.2"}%
|
||
|
|
d195 1
|
||
|
|
a195 1
|
||
|
|
Within the SDD structure dichotomous keys are coded with the element <IdentificationKey>, nested within a [[SddDatasets][dataset]] as below.
|
||
|
|
d197 1
|
||
|
|
d406 2
|
||
|
|
@
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1.1
|
||
|
|
log
|
||
|
|
@@
|
||
|
|
text
|
||
|
|
@d1 1
|
||
|
|
a1 1
|
||
|
|
%META:TOPICINFO{author="DonovanSharp" date="1149141339" format="1.1" version="1.1"}%
|
||
|
|
d3 1
|
||
|
|
d5 2
|
||
|
|
a6 4
|
||
|
|
SDD Part 0: Introduction and Primer to the SDD Standard
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2.3 Dichotomous keys.
|
||
|
|
2.3.1 Traditional dichotomous keys.
|
||
|
|
d10 1
|
||
|
|
a10 1
|
||
|
|
Box 2.3.1 - Typical dichotomous keys
|
||
|
|
d13 114
|
||
|
|
a126 1
|
||
|
|
Key to Ascomycete genera
|
||
|
|
a127 10
|
||
|
|
Ascus unitunicate
|
||
|
|
Clypeus present around ostiolar neck
|
||
|
|
Clypeus poorly developed Glomerella
|
||
|
|
Clypeus well developed Hyllachora
|
||
|
|
Clypeus lacking
|
||
|
|
Ascus widest in middle Physalospora
|
||
|
|
Ascus clavate or cylindrical Glomerella
|
||
|
|
Ascus bitunicate
|
||
|
|
Ascostroma uniloculate Guignardia
|
||
|
|
Ascostroma muliloculate Botryosphaeria
|
||
|
|
d129 61
|
||
|
|
d192 2
|
||
|
|
d195 1
|
||
|
|
a195 7
|
||
|
|
Key to Australian skinks in the genus Ctenotus
|
||
|
|
1 Dark upper lateral zone with one or more distinct series of pale spots or blotches along the body 2
|
||
|
|
1a Dark upper lateral zone obscurely mottled or uniform with at most a few pale spots anteriorly 3
|
||
|
|
2 Fewer than 25 lamellae under the fourth toe; supralabials 7-8 (usually 7); prefrontals separated C. arcanus
|
||
|
|
2a More than 25 lamellae under the fourth toe; supralabials 8-9 (usually 8); prefrontals usually in contact C. alleni
|
||
|
|
3 Pale mid-lateral stripe passes over the hindlimb to continue along the tail C. inornatus
|
||
|
|
3a Pale mid-lateral stripe extends to groin, then continues along the front edge of the hindlimb C. coggeri
|
||
|
|
a196 4
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Key to Aira naturalized in Australia
|
||
|
|
1. Inflorescence open and spreading 2
|
||
|
|
Inflorescence dense and spike-like *A. praecox
|
||
|
|
d198 1
|
||
|
|
a198 9
|
||
|
|
2. Pedicels 3-8 times spikelet length 3
|
||
|
|
Pedicels up to 3 times spikelet length 4
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3. Spikelets c. 3.5 mm long *A. provincialis
|
||
|
|
Spikelets c. 2 mm long *A. elegantissima
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4. Spikelets 2-2.5 mm long *A. cupaniana
|
||
|
|
Spikelets 2.5-3.2 mm long *A. caryophyllea
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
a199 9
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2.3.2 SDD representation of dichotomous keys
|
||
|
|
Within the SDD structure dichotomous keys are coded with the element <IdentificationKey>, nested within a <dataset> as below.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Example 2.3.2 - Dichotomous keys within SDD
|
||
|
|
d201 1
|
||
|
|
a201 1
|
||
|
|
d224 1
|
||
|
|
a224 1
|
||
|
|
d402 1
|
||
|
|
d229 2
|
||
|
|
a230 1
|
||
|
|
2.3.3 Dichotomous keys using statements
|
||
|
|
d233 1
|
||
|
|
a233 1
|
||
|
|
A dichotomous key structured with statements consists mostly of the elements <lead> and <result>. <Lead> points to another couplet while <Result> points to a taxon name.
|
||
|
|
d235 1
|
||
|
|
a235 1
|
||
|
|
Example 2.3.3 - Structure of dichotomous keys within SDD (statements)
|
||
|
|
d238 1
|
||
|
|
a238 1
|
||
|
|
d297 1
|
||
|
|
a297 1
|
||
|
|
d300 2
|
||
|
|
a301 1
|
||
|
|
2.3.4 Dichotomous keys using questions
|
||
|
|
d304 1
|
||
|
|
a304 1
|
||
|
|
Example 2.3.4 - Structure of dichotomous keys within SDD (questions)
|
||
|
|
d307 1
|
||
|
|
a307 1
|
||
|
|
d394 1
|
||
|
|
a394 1
|
||
|
|
d397 2
|
||
|
|
a398 1
|
||
|
|
2.3.5 Optional elements in SDD dichotomous keys
|
||
|
|
@
|
||
|
|
|