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@%META:TOPICINFO{author="TWikiContributor" date="1111929255" format="1.0" version="19"}%
---++ Text Formatting FAQ
The most frequently asked questions about text formatting are answered. Also, TextFormattingRules contains the complete TWiki shorthand system on one quick reference page.
%TOC%
---
---+++ How do I make a separator?
Create a separator - a horizontal rule - by entering three dashes at the beginning of a blank line: =---=. You can enter more than three if you like, for a more visible separator in edit mode: <br />
=--------------=
--------------
---+++ How do I create a heading?
You can create six sizes of headings - &lt;h1&gt;...&lt;h6&gt; in HTML - by typing, from the beginning of a line, three dashes (-), from one to six plus signs (+), a space, and your heading text. The FAQ questions on this page are created with: =---+++ Have a question?=.
* You can insert a nested table of contents, generated from headings, by placing =%<nop>TOC%= wherever you like on a page (see %TWIKIWEB%.TWikiVariables for more =%<nop>TOC%= options).
-----
#TextEnclosed
---+++ Text enclosed in angle brackets like &lt;filename&gt; is not displayed. How can I show it as it is?
TWiki interprets text as HTML, and the '&lt;' and '&gt;' characters define where HTML commands start and end. Text _inside_ angle brackets is treated as HTML, and ignored if it doesn't actually do anything - either way, the brackets and its contents are not displayed.
If you want to display angle brackets, enter them as HTML codes instead of typing them in directly:
* =&amp;lt;= = =&lt;= <br />
=&amp;gt;= = =&gt;=
* __You enter:__ =(a &amp;gt; 0)= <p />
__Result:__ =(a &gt; 0)=
---
---+++ Some words appear highlighted, with a "?" link at the end. How can I prevent that?
A question mark after a word is a link to a topic that doesn't yet exist - click it to create the new page. This is a TWiki feature - typing a MeaningfulTitle in a comment is an invitation for someone else to add a new branch to the topic.
To prevent auto-linking - say you want to enter a word like <nop>JavaScript (the proper spelling!) - prefix the WikiStyleWord with an exclamation point:
* =!WikiStyleWord= displays as !WikiStyleWord
---
---+++ How can I write fixed font text?
The quickest way is to enclose the text in equal signs:
* __You enter:__ =Proportional text, <nop>=fixed font=<nop>, proportional again.= <p />
__Result:__ Proportional text, =fixed font=, proportional again.
---
#VerbatimText
---+++ Text I enter gets wrapped around. How can I keep the formatting as it is?
TWiki interprets text as HTML, so you can use the =preformatted= HTML option to keep the new line of text as is. Enclose the text in &lt;pre&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;, or in TWiki's own &lt;verbatim&gt; &lt;/verbatim&gt; tag:
<pre>
This text will keep its format as it is:
&lt;verbatim&gt;
Unit Price Qty Cost
------- ------ --- ------
aaa 12.00 3 36.00
&lt;/verbatim&gt;
</pre>
The =pre= tag is standard HTML; =verbatim= is a special TWiki tag that forces text to fixed font mode, and also prevents other tags and TWiki shortcuts from being expanded.
*NOTE:* VARIABLES are still Set within verbatim tags (this is a historical peculiarity)
---
---+++ How do I create tables?
There are three possibilities:
1 Use Wiki rule with "|" vertical bars.
2 Use HTML tables with &lt;table&gt;, &lt;tr&gt;, &lt;td&gt; tags.
3 Use preformatted text with &lt;verbatim&gt; tags.
*1. Use Wiki rule with "|" vertical bars*
* Example text: %BR%
=| cell A1 | cell B1 | cell C1 |= %BR%
=| cell A2 | cell B2 | cell C2 |=
* Example output:
| cell A1 | cell B1 | cell C1 |
| cell A2 | cell B2 | cell C2 |
*2. Use HTML tables with &lt;table&gt;, &lt;tr&gt;, &lt;td&gt; tags*
This is a manual process using HTML commands.
__You enter:__
<pre>
&lt;table border="1"&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;th&gt; Head A &lt;/th&gt; &lt;th&gt; Head B &lt;/th&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt; Cell A2 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; Cell B2 &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt; Cell A3 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; Cell B3 &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</pre>
__Result:__
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th> Head A </th> <th> Head B </th>
</tr><tr>
<td> Cell A2 </td> <td> Cell B2 </td>
</tr><tr>
<td> Cell A3 </td> <td> Cell B3 </td>
</tr>
</table>
*3. Use preformatted text with &lt;verbatim&gt; tags*
See [[#VerbatimText]["Text I enter gets wrapped around..."]]
---
---+++ Can I include images on a page?
Yes. The easiest way is to [[FileAttachment][attach]] a GIF, JPG or PNG file to a topic and then to place it with: =%<nop>ATTACHURL%/myImage.gif=. This works only for the topic where the image is attached to.
To place an image on any topic, there are two ways of including inline images.
*1. Using URL ending in .gif, .jpg, .jpeg, .png*
This is a simple and automatic way of including inline images. Simply write the URL of the image file, this will create the inline image for you. __NOTE:__ The images must be [[#ImgUpload][accessible]] as a URL.
* __You enter:__ <code> %<nop>PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/T-logo-80x15.gif logo.</code> <br />
__Result:__ %PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/T-logo-80x15.gif logo.
#ImgUpload
You can upload images directly to your server with FTP access. You can also [[FileAttachment][attach]] image files to a topic - you could even create a dedicated image topic, like =ImageLibrary= - and then link to the images directly:
* Attach =pic.gif= to =Someweb.SomeTopic= <br />
Display with =%<nop>PUBURL%/Someweb/SomeTopic/pic.gif=
*2. Using &lt;img&gt; tag*
This is a manual process where you have more control over the rendering of the image. Use the &lt;img&gt; tag of HTML to include GIF, JPG and PNG files. *Note:* The rendering of the topic is faster if you include the =width= and =height= parameters that have the actual image size. http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/wilbur/special/img.html has more on inline images.
* __You enter:__ <code> &lt;img src="%<nop>PUBURLPATH%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/T-logo-80x15.gif" width="80" height="15" border="0" alt="logo" /&gt; logo.</code><br />
__Result:__ <br /> <img src="%PUBURLPATH%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/T-logo-80x15.gif" width="80" height="15" border="0" alt="logo" /> logo.
-----
---+++ Can I write colored text?
TWikiPreferences defines some commonly used colors: *%YELLOW% %<nop>YELLOW%%ENDCOLOR%, %RED% %<nop>RED%%ENDCOLOR%, %PINK% %<nop>PINK%%ENDCOLOR%, %PURPLE% %<nop>PURPLE%%ENDCOLOR%, %TEAL% %<nop>TEAL%%ENDCOLOR%, %NAVY% %<nop>NAVY%%ENDCOLOR%, %BLUE% %<nop>BLUE%%ENDCOLOR%, %AQUA% %<nop>AQUA%%ENDCOLOR%, %LIME% %<nop>LIME%%ENDCOLOR%, %GREEN% %<nop>GREEN%%ENDCOLOR%, %OLIVE% %<nop>OLIVE%%ENDCOLOR%, %MAROON% %<nop>MAROON%%ENDCOLOR%, %BLACK% %<nop>BLACK%%ENDCOLOR%, %GRAY% %<nop>GRAY%%ENDCOLOR%, %SILVER% %<nop>SILVER%%ENDCOLOR%* and *%<nop>ENDCOLOR%*.
* __You enter:__ =%<nop>RED% red text %<nop>ENDCOLOR% and %<nop>GREEN% green text %<nop>ENDCOLOR%= <p />
__Result:__ %RED% red text %ENDCOLOR% and %GREEN% green text %ENDCOLOR%
__Note:__ =%&lt;color&gt;%= text must end with =%<nop>ENDCOLOR%= . If you want to switch from one color to another one you first need to end the active color with =%<nop>ENDCOLOR%=, e.g. write =%<nop>RED% some text %<nop>ENDCOLOR% %<nop>GREEN% more text %<nop>ENDCOLOR%=.
If you need more colors you can use HTML, like =&lt;font color="#ff0000"&gt; red text &lt;/font&gt;=. You can also use the up-to-date =style= attribute - ex: =style="color:#ff0000"= - placed in most HTML tags. =span= is an all-purpose choice: =&lt;span style="color:#ff0000"&gt;CoLoR&lt;/span&gt;=. Only old (like 3.x IE &amp; NS) browsers have a problem with =style=.
The code is the _hexadecimal RGB color code_, which is simply Red, Green and Blue values in hex notation (base 16, 0-F). For pure red, the RGB components are 255-0-0 - full red (255), no green or blue. That's FF-0-0 in hex, or ="#ff0000"= for Web page purposes. StandardColors lists basic colors.
-----
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%META:TOPICINFO{author="TWikiContributor" date="1111929255" format="1.0" version="18"}%
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* You can insert a nested table of contents, generated from headings, by placing =%<nop>TOC%= wherever you like on a page (see %TWIKIWEB%.TWikiVariables for more =%<nop>TOC%= options).
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* =&amp;lt;= = =&lt;= <br />
=&amp;gt;= = =&gt;=
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* __You enter:__ =(a &amp;gt; 0)= <p />
__Result:__ =(a &gt; 0)=
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a40 1
* =!WikiStyleWord= displays as !WikiStyleWord
d47 2
a48 2
* __You enter:__ =Proportional text, <nop>=fixed font=<nop>, proportional again.= <p />
__Result:__ Proportional text, =fixed font=, proportional again.
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Unit Price Qty Cost
d60 1
a60 1
aaa 12.00 3 36.00
d72 3
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1 Use Wiki rule with "|" vertical bars.
2 Use HTML tables with &lt;table&gt;, &lt;tr&gt;, &lt;td&gt; tags.
3 Use preformatted text with &lt;verbatim&gt; tags.
d78 6
a83 6
* Example text: %BR%
=| cell A1 | cell B1 | cell C1 |= %BR%
=| cell A2 | cell B2 | cell C2 |=
* Example output:
| cell A1 | cell B1 | cell C1 |
| cell A2 | cell B2 | cell C2 |
d94 1
a94 1
&lt;th&gt; Head A &lt;/th&gt; &lt;th&gt; Head B &lt;/th&gt;
d96 1
a96 1
&lt;td&gt; Cell A2 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; Cell B2 &lt;/td&gt;
d98 1
a98 1
&lt;td&gt; Cell A3 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; Cell B3 &lt;/td&gt;
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<th> Head A </th> <th> Head B </th>
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<td> Cell A2 </td> <td> Cell B2 </td>
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<td> Cell A3 </td> <td> Cell B3 </td>
d132 2
a133 2
* __You enter:__ <code> %<nop>PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/T-logo-80x15.gif logo.</code> <br />
__Result:__ %PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/T-logo-80x15.gif logo.
d137 2
a138 2
* Attach =pic.gif= to =Someweb.SomeTopic= <br />
Display with =%<nop>PUBURL%/Someweb/SomeTopic/pic.gif=
d144 2
a145 2
* __You enter:__ <code> &lt;img src="%<nop>PUBURLPATH%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/T-logo-80x15.gif" width="80" height="15" border="0" alt="logo" /&gt; logo.</code><br />
__Result:__ <br /> <img src="%PUBURLPATH%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/T-logo-80x15.gif" width="80" height="15" border="0" alt="logo" /> logo.
d152 2
a153 2
* __You enter:__ =%<nop>RED% red text %<nop>ENDCOLOR% and %<nop>GREEN% green text %<nop>ENDCOLOR%= <p />
__Result:__ %RED% red text %ENDCOLOR% and %GREEN% green text %ENDCOLOR%
@
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%META:TOPICINFO{author="PeterThoeny" date="1092606139" format="1.0" version="1.17"}%
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* Example text: <br>
=| cell A1 | cell B1 | cell C1 |= <br>
d124 1
a124 1
Yes. The easiest way is to [[FileAttachment][attach]] a GIF, JPG or PNG file to a topic and then to place it with: =%<nop>ATTACHURL%/myImage.gif=. This works only for the page that the image is attached to.
d126 1
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To place an image on any page, ther are two ways of including inline images.
d132 2
a133 2
* __You enter:__ <code> TWiki <nop>%PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif logo.</code> <br />
__Result:__ TWiki %PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif logo.
d138 1
a138 1
Display with =<no>%PUBURL%/Someweb/<nop>SomeTopic/pic.gif=
d142 1
a142 1
This is a manual process where you have more control over the rendering of the image. Use the &lt;img&gt; tag of HTML to include GIF, JPG and PNG files. *Note:* The display of the topic is faster if you include the =WIDTH= and =HEIGHT= parameters that have the actual image size. http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/wilbur/special/img.html has more on inline images.
d144 2
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* __You enter:__ <code>TWiki &lt;img src="%PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif" width="88" height="31" border="0" alt="logo" /&gt; logo.</code><br />
__Result:__ <br /> TWiki <img src="%PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif" width="88" height="31" border="0" alt="logo" /> logo.
a162 3
-- TWiki:Main.PeterThoeny - 15 Aug 2004 %BR%
-- TWiki:Main.MikeMannix - 14 Sep 2001 %BR%
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%META:TOPICINFO{author="PeterThoeny" date="1079505802" format="1.0" version="1.16"}%
---++!! Text Formatting FAQ
The most frequently asked questions about text formatting are answered. Also, TextFormattingRules contains the complete TWiki shorthand system on one quick reference page.
%TOC%
<blockquote>
---
---+++ How do I make a separator?
Create a separator - a horizontal rule - by entering three dashes at the beginning of a blank line: =---=. You can enter more than three if you like, for a more visible separator in edit mode: <br />
=--------------=
--------------
---+++ How do I create a heading?
You can create six sizes of headings - &lt;h1&gt;...&lt;h6&gt; in HTML - by typing, from the beginning of a line, three dashes (-), from one to six plus signs (+), a space, and your heading text. The FAQ questions on this page are created with: =---+++ Have a question?=.
* You can insert a nested table of contents, generated from headings, by placing =%<nop>TOC%= wherever you like on a page (see %TWIKIWEB%.TWikiVariables for more =%<nop>TOC%= options).
-----
#TextEnclosed
---+++ Text enclosed in angle brackets like &lt;filename&gt; is not displayed. How can I show it as it is?
TWiki interprets text as HTML, and the '&lt;' and '&gt;' characters define where HTML commands start and end. Text _inside_ angle brackets is treated as HTML, and ignored if it doesn't actually do anything - either way, the brackets and its contents are not displayed.
If you want to display angle brackets, enter them as HTML codes instead of typing them in directly:
* =&amp;lt;= = =&lt;= <br />
=&amp;gt;= = =&gt;=
* __You enter:__ =(a &amp;gt; 0)= <p />
__Result:__ =(a &gt; 0)=
---
---+++ Some words appear highlighted, with a "?" link at the end. How can I prevent that?
A question mark after a word is a link to a topic that doesn't yet exist - click it to create the new page. This is a TWiki feature - typing a MeaningfulTitle in a comment is an invitation for someone else to add a new branch to the topic.
To prevent auto-linking - say you want to enter a word like <nop>JavaScript (the proper spelling!) - prefix the WikiStyleWord with the special TWiki HTML tag =&lt;nop&gt;=:
* =&lt;nop&gt;WikiStyleWord= displays as <nop>WikiStyleWord
---
---+++ How can I write fixed font text?
The quickest way is to enclose the text in equal signs:
* __You enter:__ =Proportional text, <nop>=fixed font=<nop>, proportional again.= <p />
__Result:__ Proportional text, =fixed font=, proportional again.
---
#VerbatimText
---+++ Text I enter gets wrapped around. How can I keep the formatting as it is?
TWiki interprets text as HTML, so you can use the =preformatted= HTML option to keep the new line of text as is. Enclose the text in &lt;pre&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;, or in TWiki's own &lt;verbatim&gt; &lt;/verbatim&gt; tag:
<pre>
This text will keep its format as it is:
&lt;verbatim&gt;
Unit Price Qty Cost
------- ------ --- ------
aaa 12.00 3 36.00
&lt;/verbatim&gt;
</pre>
The =pre= tag is standard HTML; =verbatim= is a special TWiki tag that forces text to fixed font mode, and also prevents other tags and TWiki shortcuts from being expanded.
---
---+++ How do I create tables?
There are three possibilities:
1 Use Wiki rule with "|" vertical bars.
2 Use HTML tables with &lt;table&gt;, &lt;tr&gt;, &lt;td&gt; tags.
3 Use preformatted text with &lt;verbatim&gt; tags.
*1. Use Wiki rule with "|" vertical bars*
* Example text: <br>
=| cell A1 | cell B1 | cell C1 |= <br>
=| cell A2 | cell B2 | cell C2 |=
* Example output:
| cell A1 | cell B1 | cell C1 |
| cell A2 | cell B2 | cell C2 |
*2. Use HTML tables with &lt;table&gt;, &lt;tr&gt;, &lt;td&gt; tags*
This is a manual process using HTML commands.
__You enter:__
<pre>
&lt;table border="1"&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;th&gt; Head A &lt;/th&gt; &lt;th&gt; Head B &lt;/th&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt; Cell A2 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; Cell B2 &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt; Cell A3 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; Cell B3 &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</pre>
__Result:__
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th> Head A </th> <th> Head B </th>
</tr><tr>
<td> Cell A2 </td> <td> Cell B2 </td>
</tr><tr>
<td> Cell A3 </td> <td> Cell B3 </td>
</tr>
</table>
*3. Use preformatted text with &lt;verbatim&gt; tags*
See [[#VerbatimText]["Text I enter gets wrapped around..."]]
---
---+++ Can I include images on a page?
Yes. The easiest way is to [[FileAttachment][attach]] a GIF, JPG or PNG file to a topic and then to place it with: =%<nop>ATTACHURL%/myImage.gif=. This works only for the page that the image is attached to.
To place an image on any page, ther are two ways of including inline images.
*1. Using URL ending in .gif, .jpg, .jpeg, .png*
This is a simple and automatic way of including inline images. Simply write the URL of the image file, this will create the inline image for you. __NOTE:__ The images must be [[#ImgUpload][accessible]] as a URL.
* __You enter:__ <code> TWiki <nop>%PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif logo.</code> <br />
__Result:__ TWiki %PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif logo.
#ImgUpload
You can upload images directly to your server with FTP access. You can also [[FileAttachment][attach]] image files to a topic - you could even create a dedicated image topic, like =ImageLibrary= - and then link to the images directly:
* Attach =pic.gif= to =Someweb.SomeTopic= <br />
Display with =<no>%PUBURL%/Someweb/<nop>SomeTopic/pic.gif=
*2. Using &lt;img&gt; tag*
This is a manual process where you have more control over the rendering of the image. Use the &lt;img&gt; tag of HTML to include GIF, JPG and PNG files. *Note:* The display of the topic is faster if you include the =WIDTH= and =HEIGHT= parameters that have the actual image size. http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/wilbur/special/img.html has more on inline images.
* __You enter:__ <code>TWiki &lt;img src="%PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif" width="88" height="31" border="0" alt="logo" /&gt; logo.</code><br />
__Result:__ <br /> TWiki <img src="%PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif" width="88" height="31" border="0" alt="logo" /> logo.
-----
---+++ Can I write colored text?
TWikiPreferences defines some commonly used colors: *%YELLOW% %<nop>YELLOW%%ENDCOLOR%, %RED% %<nop>RED%%ENDCOLOR%, %PINK% %<nop>PINK%%ENDCOLOR%, %PURPLE% %<nop>PURPLE%%ENDCOLOR%, %TEAL% %<nop>TEAL%%ENDCOLOR%, %NAVY% %<nop>NAVY%%ENDCOLOR%, %BLUE% %<nop>BLUE%%ENDCOLOR%, %AQUA% %<nop>AQUA%%ENDCOLOR%, %LIME% %<nop>LIME%%ENDCOLOR%, %GREEN% %<nop>GREEN%%ENDCOLOR%, %OLIVE% %<nop>OLIVE%%ENDCOLOR%, %MAROON% %<nop>MAROON%%ENDCOLOR%, %BLACK% %<nop>BLACK%%ENDCOLOR%, %GRAY% %<nop>GRAY%%ENDCOLOR%, %SILVER% %<nop>SILVER%%ENDCOLOR%* and *%<nop>ENDCOLOR%*.
* __You enter:__ =%<nop>RED% red text %<nop>ENDCOLOR% and %<nop>GREEN% green text %<nop>ENDCOLOR%= <p />
__Result:__ %RED% red text %ENDCOLOR% and %GREEN% green text %ENDCOLOR%
__Note:__ =%&lt;color&gt;%= text must end with =%<nop>ENDCOLOR%= . If you want to switch from one color to another one you first need to end the active color with =%<nop>ENDCOLOR%=, e.g. write =%<nop>RED% some text %<nop>ENDCOLOR% %<nop>GREEN% more text %<nop>ENDCOLOR%=.
If you need more colors you can use HTML, like =&lt;font color="#ff0000"&gt; red text &lt;/font&gt;=. You can also use the up-to-date =style= attribute - ex: =style="color:#ff0000"= - placed in most HTML tags. =span= is an all-purpose choice: =&lt;span style="color:#ff0000"&gt;CoLoR&lt;/span&gt;=. Only old (like 3.x IE &amp; NS) browsers have a problem with =style=.
The code is the _hexadecimal RGB color code_, which is simply Red, Green and Blue values in hex notation (base 16, 0-F). For pure red, the RGB components are 255-0-0 - full red (255), no green or blue. That's FF-0-0 in hex, or ="#ff0000"= for Web page purposes. StandardColors lists basic colors.
-----
</blockquote>
-- TWiki:Main.PeterThoeny - 16 Mar 2004 <br />
-- TWiki:Main.MikeMannix - 14 Sep 2001 <br />
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The code is the _hexadecimal RGB color code_, which is simply Red, Green and Blue values in hex notation (base 16, 0-F). For pure red, the RGB components are 255-0-0 - full red (255), no green or blue. That's FF-0-0 in hex, or ="#ff000"= for Web page purposes. StandardColors lists basic colors.
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-- PeterThoeny - 21 Feb 2002 <br />
-- MikeMannix - 14 Sep 2001 <br />
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See [[#TextEnclosed]["Text enclosed..."]]
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<font size="+3"><b>Text Formatting FAQ</b></font>
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* __You enter:__ <code> TWiki <nop>%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif logo.</code> <br />
__Result:__ TWiki %PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif logo.
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* __You enter:__ <code>TWiki &lt;img src="%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif" width="46" height="50" border="0" alt="logo" /&gt; logo.</code><br />
__Result:__ <br /> TWiki <img src="%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif" width="46" height="50" border="0" alt="logo" /> logo.
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Sure. The quickest way is to go &lt;font color="colorCode"&gt;colorize&lt;/font&gt; - =font= is an HTML tag that works in any browser, although it's been phased out in the latest HTML specs.
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You can also use the up-to-date =style= attribute - ex: =style="color:#ff0000"= - placed in most HTML tags. =span= is an all-purpose choice: "&lt;span style="color:#ff0000"&gt;CoLoR&lt;/span&gt;. Only old (like 3.x IE &amp; NS) browsers have a problem with =style=.
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"colorCode" is the _hexadecimal RGB color code_, which is simply Red, Green and Blue values in hex notation (base 16, 0-F). For pure red, the RGB components are 255-0-0 - full red (255), no green or blue. That's FF-0-0 in hex, or ="#ff000=" for Web page purposes. For a basic color selection (you can [[StandardColors][StandardColor]] names instead of hex code in the =font= tag only):
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<table>
<tr bgcolor="#e0e0e0">
<td><font color="#000000"> *Black:* </font></td><td> ="#000000"= </td>
<td><font color="#008000"> *Green:* </font></td><td> ="#008000"= </td>
<td><font color="#c0c0c0"> *Silver:* </font></td><td> ="#c0c0c0"= </td>
<td><font color="#00ff00"> *Lime:* </font></td><td> ="#00ff00"= </td>
</tr><tr bgcolor="#c0c0c0">
<td><font color="#808080"> *Gray:* </font></td><td> ="#808080"= </td>
<td><font color="#808000"> *Olive:* </font></td><td> ="#808000"= </td>
<td><font color="#ffffff"> *White:* </font></td><td> ="#ffffff"= </td>
<td><font color="#ffff00"> *Yellow:* </font></td><td> ="#ffff00"= </td>
</tr><tr bgcolor="#e0e0e0">
<td><font color="#800000"> *Maroon:* </font></td><td> ="#800000"= </td>
<td><font color="#000080"> *Navy:* </font></td><td> ="#000080"= </td>
<td><font color="#ff0000"> *Red:* </font></td><td> ="#ff0000"= </td>
<td><font color="#0000ff"> *Blue:* </font></td><td> ="#0000ff"= </td>
</tr><tr bgcolor="#c0c0c0">
<td><font color="#800080"> *Purple:* </font></td><td> ="#800080"= </td>
<td><font color="#008080"> *Teal:* </font></td><td> ="#008080"= </td>
<td><font color="#ff00ff"> *Fuchsia:* </font></td><td> ="#ff00ff"= </td>
<td><font color="#00ffff"> *Aqua:* </font></td><td> ="#00ffff"= </td>
</tr>
</table>
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* __You enter:__ <code> &lt;font color="#ff0000"&gt; Red color &lt;/font&gt; draws attention. </code><p>
__Result:__ <font color="#ff0000"> Red color </font> draws attention.
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-- PeterThoeny - 13 Sep 2001 <br />
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<td><font color="#800080"> *Purple:* </font></td><td>="#800080"= </td>
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You can make a horizontal separator by entering three dashes at the beginning of a line: =---=.
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---
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TWiki interprets text as HTML. The '&lt;' and '&gt;' characters are used to define HTML commands. Text contained in angle brackets is interpreted by the browser if it's a valid HTML instruction, or ignored if it isn't - either way, the brackets and its contents are not displayed.
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TWiki interprets text as HTML, so you can use the =preformatted= HTML text option to keep the new line of text as is. Enclose the text in &lt;pre&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;, or in TWiki's own &lt;verbatim&gt; &lt;/verbatim&gt; tags:
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The =pre= tag is standard HTML; =verbatim= is a special TWiki tag that also forces text to fixed font mode, and also prevents other tags and TWiki shortcuts from being expanded.
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---+++ Can I include images and pictures?
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Yes, this is possible. The easiest way of including images is to attach a GIF, JPG or PNG file to a topic and then to include it with text =%<nop>ATTACHURL%/myImage.gif= . FileAttachment has more.
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There are actually two ways of including inline images.
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This is a simple and automatic way of including inline images. Simply write the URL of the image file, this will create the inline image for you. *Note:* The images must be accessible as a URL.
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This is a manual process where you have more control over the rendering of the image. Use the &lt;img&gt; tag of HTML to include GIF, JPG and PNG files. *Note:* The display of the topic is faster if you include the WIDTH and HEIGHT parameters that have the actual image size. http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/wilbur/special/img.html has more on inline images.
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* __You enter:__ <code>TWiki &lt;img src="%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif" width="46" height="50" /&gt; logo.</code><br />
__Result:__ <br /> TWiki <img src="%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif" width="46" height="50" /> logo.
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Sure. The quickest way is to use the &lt;font color="colorCode"&gt; and &lt;/font&gt; tags - they're HTML tags that work in any browser, (although they've been phased in the latest version).
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You can also use a =style= attribute: =style="color:#ff0000"=, placed in most HTML tags - =span= is an all-purpose choice: "&lt;span style="color:#ff0000">.
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* The most frequently asked questions about text formatting are answered here.
* TextFormattingRules has the complete system in a handy quick reference format.
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You can make a horizontal separator by writing three or more dashes at the beginning of a line.
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* =&amp;lt;= = =&lt;=
* =&amp;gt;= = =&gt;=
* Enter: =(a &amp;gt; 0)= to get =(a &gt; 0)=
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---+++ Some words (like WinAPI) have an unwanted question mark at the end. How can I prevent that?
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A question mark after a word is a link to a topic that doesn't yet exist - click it to create the new page. This is a TWiki feature - typing a MeaningfulTitle in a comment is an invitation for someone else to add to the topic.
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To prevent auto-linking - you may simply want to enter a word like <nop>JavaScript (the proper spelling!) - prefix it with the special TWiki HTML tag =&lt;nop&gt;=:
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* =&lt;nop&gt;WikiWord= displays as <nop>WikiWord
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Enclose text in "=" equal signs:
* =Proportional text, <nop>=fixed font text=<nop>, proportional again.= appears as...
<br /> Proportional text, =fixed font text= , proportional again.
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Alternatively you could also use preformatted text, see next question for details.
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TWiki interprets text as HTML. It is possible to use preformatted text to workaround this. Use the preformatted HTML tags to keep the new line of text as it is. Do so by enclosing text in either &lt;pre&gt; &lt;/pre&gt; or &lt;verbatim&gt; &lt;/verbatim&gt; tags:
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__1. Use Wiki rule with "|" vertical bars__
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__2. Use HTML tables with &lt;table&gt;, &lt;tr&gt;, &lt;td&gt; tags__
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This is a manual process using HTML commands. Here is an example. If you enter this:
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It is displayed as a table like this:
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__3. Use preformatted text with &lt;verbatim&gt; tags__
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Text I enter gets wrapped around. How can I keep the formatting as it is? See [[#TextEnclosed]["Text enclosed..."]]
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__1. Using URL ending in .gif, .jpg, .jpeg, .png__
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* Example text: <br /> <code> TWiki <nop>%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif logo.</code>
* Example output: <br /> TWiki %PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif logo.
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__2. Using &lt;img&gt; tag__
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* Example text: <br /> <code>TWiki &lt;img src="%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif" width="46" height="50" /&gt; logo.</code>
* Example output: <br /> TWiki <img src="%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif" width="46" height="50" /> logo.
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Place text you would like to specify a color inside &lt;font color="colorCode"&gt; and &lt;/font&gt; tags.
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"colorCode" is the hexadecimal RGB color code. The color is composed
by specifying the red, green and blue components of the color in
hexadecimal notation. For example, to specify white, the red, green and blue components are 255, 255, 255, so you would use ="#ffffff=". You can use StandardColors or common color codes:
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* Example text: <br /> <code> &lt;font color="#ff0000"&gt; Red color &lt;/font&gt; draws attention. </code>
* Example output: <br /> <font color="#ff0000"> Red color </font> draws attention.
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-- Main.MikeMannix - 10 Sep 2001 <br />
-- Main.PeterThoeny - 13 Sep 2001 <br />
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You can create six sizes of headings - &lt;H1&gt;...&lt;H6&gt; in HTML - by typing, from the beginning of a line, three dashes (-), from one to six plus signs (+), a space, and your heading text. The FAQ questions on this page are created with: =---+++ Have a question?=.
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<br> Proportional text, =fixed font text= , proportional again.
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TWiki interprets text as HTML. It is possible to use preformatted text to workaround this. Use the preformatted HTML tags to keep the new line of text as it is. Do so by enclosing text in either &lt;pre&gt; &lt;/pre&gt; or &lt;verbatim&gt; &lt;verbatim&gt; tags:
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&lt;pre&gt;
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&lt;/pre&gt;
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3 Use preformatted text with &lt;PRE&gt; tags.
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*_1. Use Wiki rule with "|" vertical bars_*
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*_2. Use HTML tables with &lt;TABLE&gt;, &lt;TR&gt;, &lt;TD&gt; tags_*
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&lt;TABLE BORDER=1&gt;
&lt;TR&gt;
&lt;TH&gt; Head A &lt;/TH&gt; &lt;TH&gt; Head B &lt;/TH&gt;
&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;
&lt;TD&gt; Cell A2 &lt;/TD&gt; &lt;TD&gt; Cell B2 &lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;/TR&gt;&lt;TR&gt;
&lt;TD&gt; Cell A3 &lt;/TD&gt; &lt;TD&gt; Cell B3 &lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;/TR&gt;
&lt;/TABLE&gt;
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<TABLE BORDER=1>
<TR>
<TH> Head A </TH> <TH> Head B </TH>
</TR><TR>
<TD> Cell A2 </TD> <TD> Cell B2 </TD>
</TR><TR>
<TD> Cell A3 </TD> <TD> Cell B3 </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
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*_3. Use preformatted text with &lt;PRE&gt; tags_*
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Yes, this is possible. The easiest way of including images is to attach a GIF or JPG file to a topic and then to include it with text =%<nop>ATTACHURL%/myImage.gif= . FileAttachment has more.
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*_1. Using URL ending in .gif, .jpg, .jpeg_*
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* Example text: <br> <code> TWiki <nop>%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif logo.</code>
* Example output: <br> TWiki %PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif logo.
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*_2. Using &lt;IMG&gt; tag_*
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This is a manual process where you have more control over the rendering of the image. Use the &lt;IMG&gt; tag of HTML to include JPEG and GIF files. *Note:* The display of the topic is faster if you include the WIDTH and HEIGHT parameters that have the actual image size. http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/wilbur/special/img.html has more on inline images.
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* Example text: <br> <code>TWiki &lt;IMG SRC="%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif" WIDTH=46 HEIGHT=50&gt; logo.</code>
* Example output: <br> TWiki <IMG SRC="%PUBURL%/wikiHome.gif" WIDTH=46 HEIGHT=50> logo.
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Place text you would like to specify a color inside &lt;FONT COLOR="colorCode"&gt; and &lt;/FONT&gt; tags.
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hexadecimal notation. For example, to specify white, the red, green and blue components are 255, 255, 255, so you would use "#FFFFFF". You can use StandardColors or common color codes:
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<TABLE>
<TR BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0">
<TD><FONT COLOR="#000000"> *Black:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#000000" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#008000"> *Green:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#008000" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#C0C0C0"> *Silver:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#C0C0C0" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#00FF00"> *Lime:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#00FF00" </TD>
</TR><TR BGCOLOR="#C0C0C0">
<TD><FONT COLOR="#808080"> *Gray:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#808080" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#808000"> *Olive:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#808000" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF"> *White:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#FFFFFF" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFF00"> *Yellow:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#FFFF00" </TD>
</TR><TR BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0">
<TD><FONT COLOR="#800000"> *Maroon:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#800000" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#000080"> *Navy:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#000080" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FF0000"> *Red:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#FF0000" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#0000FF"> *Blue:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#0000FF" </TD>
</TR><TR BGCOLOR="#C0C0C0">
<TD><FONT COLOR="#800080"> *Purple:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#800080" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#008080"> *Teal:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#008080" </TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FF00FF"> *Fuchsia:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#FF00FF"</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#00FFFF"> *Aqua:* </FONT></TD><TD>"#00FFFF" </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
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* Example text: <br> <code> &lt;FONT COLOR="#FF0000"&gt; Red color &lt;/FONT&gt; draws attention. </code>
* Example output: <br> <FONT COLOR="#FF0000"> Red color </FONT> draws attention.
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-----
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You can make a horizontal separator by writing 4 or more dashes at the beginning of a line.
-----
---+++ How do I create a title or a heading?
The most simple way is to enclose it in '*' Asterisk characters or '_' Underscore characters.
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*This is an example header enclosed in Asterisk characters*
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_This is an example header enclosed in Underscore characters_
You could use also HTML tags for headings, e.g. <code>&lt;H4&gt;This is an HTML heading&lt;/H4&gt;</code> will show up as:
<H4>This is an HTML heading</H4>
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TWiki interprets text as HTML. The '&lt;' and '&gt;' characters are used to define HTML commands. Any valid text within angle brackets gets interpreted by the browser as an HTML command. Invalid text is ignored, that's why it doesn't show up.
There are two work arounds if you want to display angle brackets:
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* Do an escape sequence in HTML:
* Write <code>&amp;lt;</code> instead of <code>&lt;</code>
* Write <code>&amp;gt;</code> instead of <code>&gt;</code>
* Example: Write <code>(a &amp;gt; 0)</code> instead of <code>(a &gt; 0)</code>
* Replace angle brackets with curly brackets.
* Example: Write <code>{is-writable}</code> instead of <code>&lt;is-writable&gt;</code>
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-----
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A question mark after a word is a link to a not yet existing topic. For example, WinAPI is a valid WikiName, but the actual topic _WinAPI_ does not exist.
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If you do not intend to create a topic for a valid WikiWord, you can prevent it being linked by putting an HTML tag in front of it. I usually use &lt;nop&gt;. This is a non existing HTML tag, so a browser just ignores it.
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* Example text: <br> <code><nop>WinAPI as it is, &lt;nop&gt;WinAPI with preceding NOP.</code>
* Example output: <br> WinAPI as it is, <nop>WinAPI with preceding NOP.
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-----
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Enclose text in "=" equal signs.
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* Example text: <br> =Proportional text, <nop>=fixed font text=<nop> , proportional again.=
* Example output: <br> Proportional text, =fixed font text= , proportional again.
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-----
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TWiki interprets text as HTML. It is possible to use preformatted text to work around this. Use the preformatted HTML tags to keep the new line of text as it is. Do so by enclosing the text with &lt;PRE&gt; and &lt;/PRE&gt; tags, e.g.
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&lt;PRE&gt;
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&lt;/PRE&gt;
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It is recommended to use preformatting for tables and source code.
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-----
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2 Use HTML tables with &lt;TABLE&gt;, &lt;TR&gt;, &lt;TD&gt; tags.
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You can copy the example from &lt;TABLE&gt; to &lt;/TABLE&gt; and change it to your needs.
More information about HTML tables can be found at http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/wilbur/table/table.html
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-----
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-- Main.PeterThoeny - 18 Aug 2000
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*Text Formatting FAQ*
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This topic has answers to frequently asked questions about text formatting. TextFormattingRules has more on formatting rules in general. It also has links to HTML documentation.
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* <A HREF="#sepa">Q:</A> How do I make a separator?
* <A HREF="#head">Q:</A> How do I create a title or a heading?
* <A HREF="#brac">Q:</A> Text enclosed in angle brackets like &lt;filename&gt; is not displayed. How can I show it as it is?
* <A HREF="#ques">Q:</A> Some words (like WinAPI) have an unwanted question mark at the end. How can I prevent that?
* <A HREF="#fixe">Q:</A> How can I write fixed font text?
* <A HREF="#wrap">Q:</A> Text I enter gets wrapped around. How can I keep the formatting as it is?
* <A HREF="#tabl">Q:</A> How do I create tables?
* <A HREF="#imag">Q:</A> Can I include images and pictures?
* <A HREF="#colo">Q:</A> Can I write colored text?
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<A NAME="sepa">Q:</A>
*How do I make a separator?*
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<A NAME="head">Q:</A>
*How do I create a title or a heading?*
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The most simple way is to enclose it in '*' Asterisk characters or '_' Underscore charcters.
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<A NAME="brac">Q:</A>
*Text enclosed in angle brackets like &lt;filename&gt; is not displayed. How can I show it as it is?*
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<A NAME="ques">Q:</A>
*Some words (like WinAPI) have an unwanted question mark at the end. How can I prevent that?*
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* Example text: <br> <code><nop>WinAPI as it is, &lt;nop&gt;WinAPI with preceeding NOP.</code>
* Example output: <br> WinAPI as it is, <nop>WinAPI with preceeding NOP.
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<A NAME="fixe">Q:</A>
*How can I write fixed font text?*
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<A NAME="wrap">Q:</A>
*Text I enter gets wrapped around. How can I keep the formatting as it is?*
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<A NAME="tabl">Q:</A>
*How do I create tables?*
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See <A HREF="#wrap">Q:</A> Text I enter gets wrapped around. How can I keep the formatting as it is?
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<A NAME="imag">Q:</A>
*Can I include images and pictures?*
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<A NAME="colo">Q:</A>
*Can I write colored text?*
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hexadecimal notation. For example, to specify white, the red, green and blue components are 255, 255, 255, so you would use "#FFFFFF". Common color codes are:
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A question mark after a word is a link to a not yet existing topic. For example, WinAPI is a valid WikiTopic name in WikiNotation, but the actual topic _WinAPI_ does not exist.
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If you do not intend to create a topic for a valid TWiki topic name, you can prevent it being linked by putting an HTML tag in front of it. I usually use &lt;NOP&gt;. This is a non existing HTML tag, so a browser just ignores it.
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* Example text: <br> <code><nop>WinAPI as it is, &lt;NOP&gt;WinAPI with preceeding NOP.</code>
* Example output: <br> WinAPI as it is, <NOP>WinAPI with preceeding NOP.
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-- Main.PeterThoeny - 08 Aug 1999
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1.2
log
@none
@
text
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* Example text: <br> <code>TWiki &lt;IMG SRC="../../../pub/wikiHome.gif" WIDTH=46 HEIGHT=50&gt; logo.</code>
* Example output: <br> TWiki <IMG SRC="../../../pub/wikiHome.gif" WIDTH=46 HEIGHT=50> logo.
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1.1
log
@none
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text
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Enclose text in &lt;CODE&gt; and &lt;/CODE&gt; HTML tags.
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* Example text: <br> <code>Proportional text, &lt;CODE&gt; fixed font text, &lt;/CODE&gt; proportional again.</code>
* Example output: <br> Proportional text, <CODE> fixed font text, </CODE> proportional again.
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There are two possibilities:
1 Use preformatted text with &lt;PRE&gt; tags.
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*_1. Use preformatted text with &lt;PRE&gt; tags_*
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See <A HREF="#wrap">Q:</A> Text I enter gets wrapped around. How can I keep the formatting as it is?
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-- Main.PeterThoeny - 26 Oct 1998
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