AgentRoleEnum for information about the MARC relator codes.
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NomenclaturalTypeStatusOfUnitsEum: Designators to express type relations between units (specimen, objects) preserved in collections and taxonomic names. The list is not limited to those types explicitly governed by the nomenclatural codes. It also includes some conventional type status terms used to identify units that may be helpful when interpreting the original circumscription (topotypes, ex-types), but do not have the same binding status as terms governed by the nomenclatural codes. The enumeration attempts to strike a balance between listing all possible terms, and remaining comprehensible. In general, a few terms to many is less problematic since applications may select a subset for presentation in their user interface. -- A type provides the objective standard of reference to determine the application of a taxon name. The type status of a unit (specimen) is only meaningful in combination with the name that is being typified (a unit may have been designated type for multiple names in different publications). The type status of an object may be designated in the original description of a scientific name (original designation), or - under rules layed out in the respective nomenclatural codes - at a later time (subsequent designation). For taxa above species rank the type is always another scientific name (type species of genus, type genus of family), not a physical object. The type terms for this situation are not included in the enumeration. -- Note that the exact definitions of type status differ between nomenclatural codes (ICBN, ICZN, ICNP/ICNB, etc.). The term definitions are intended to be informative and generally applicable across the different codes. The should not be interpreted as authoritative; in nomenclatural work the exact definitions in the respective codes have to be consulted. A duplication of status codes (bot-holo, zoo-holo, bact-holo, etc.) is not considered desirable or necessary. Since the application of the type status terms is constrained by the relationship of the typified name with a specific code, the exact definition can always be unambiguously retrieved. -- The following publications have been consulted to determine the number of type terms that should be included and to prepare the semantic definitions:
- Nomenclatural Glossary for Zoology (January 18 2000; ftp://ftp.york.biosis.org/sysgloss.txt; verified 17. June 2004)
- ICBN St. Louis Code (http://www.bgbm.fu-berlin.de/iapt/nomenclature/code/SaintLouis/0013Ch2Sec2a009.htm; verified 17. June 2004)
- Draft BioCode 4th version (Greuter et al., 1997; http://www.rom.on.ca/biodiversity/biocode/biocode1997.html)
- Glossary of 'type' terminology (Ronald H. Petersen; http://fp.bio.utk.edu/mycology/Nomenclature/nom-type.htm)
- Dictionary of Ichthyology (Brian W. Coad and Don E. McAllister, 2004; http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/introduction.htm)
- A resource that was not available when writing this proposal, but which is probably very useful: Hawksworth, D.L., W.G. Chaloner, O. Krauss, J. McNeill, M.A. Mayo, D.H. Nicolson, P.H.A. Sneath, R.P. Trehane and P.K. Tubbs. 1994. A draft glossary of terms used in Bionomenclature. (IUBS Monogr. 9) International Union of Biological Sciences, Paris. 74 pp.
Many thanks for review and help go to Dr. Miguel A. Alonso-Zarazaga, Dr. Walter Gams, ...
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TaxonomicRankEum: A union of all following rank subsets. Note that although BioCode has been used to define the partition insto subsets, the ranks are not limited to BioCode but should be an interoperable superset of ranks used in Virology, Bacteriology, Botany and Zoology.
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