Pulling in the last of the unintegrated documentation from https://github.com/tdwg/dwc-documentation

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tucotuco 2015-01-13 15:29:05 +01:00 committed by Peter Desmet
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## Examples
This page contains examples of how to populate Darwin Core terms for various use cases.
### Occurrence
#### Specimen
##### Preserved Specimen
Model: Organism collected in the wild and put into a collection.
Model: Single whole native organism collected in the wild and put into a collection.
```
dcterms:type=PhysicalObject
dwc:basisOfRecord=PreservedSpecimen
dcterms:modified=2009-02-12T12:43:31
dwc:institutionCode=MVZ
dwc:collectionCode=Mammals
dwc:catalogNumber=14523
dwc:collectionID=urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34904
dwc:occurrenceID=urn:catalog:MVZ:Mammals:14523
dwc:establishmentMeans=wild
dwc:country=Argentina
dwc:countryCode=AR
dwc:stateProvince=Neuquén
dwc:locality=25 km al NNE de Bariloche por Ruta 40 (=237)
```
Model: Whole organism recorded (any combination of sound, image, video, field notes) in the wild and entered in a collection database.
Model: Whole organism captured, recorded (sound, image, video) along with measurements, released in the wild and entered in a collection database.
Model: Whole organism collected from captivity and put into a collection.
Model: Whole organism collected from the wild, but escaped from captivity, and put into a collection.
Model: Parasite of organism, parasite cataloged with specimen of organism.
Model: Parasite of organism, parasite cataloged separate from specimen (in the same or in a different collection).
Model: Record of organism, where specimen is now in another collection.
Model: Repeated instances of material sample for the same organism over time, then organism put into a collection.
Model: Repeated instances of material sample for the same captive organism over time, then organism put into a collection.
Model: Repeated instances of the same organism (with media, literature) captured over time.
Model: Multiple organisms collected in the wild together, put into a collection and cataloged as a lot.
##### Fossil specimen
##### Living specimen
##### Material sample
Model: Organism sampled (e.g., biopsy) in the wild.
Model: Material sample from an organism in the wild and sample put into a collection (blood sample, biopsy).
Model: Material sample from an organism in captivity and sample put into a collection (blood sample, biopsy)
Model: Repeated instances of material sample for the same organism over time.
Model: Repeated instances of material sample from the same captive organism over time.
#### Observation
##### Human Observation
Model: Organism observed in the wild and written in field notes.
Model: Pair of living organisms observed in the wild and documented in field notes.
```
dwc:basisOfRecord>HumanObservation
dcterms:type=Event
dwc:occurrenceID=urn:catalog:AUDCLO:EBIRD:OBS64515288
dcterms:modified=2009-02-17T07:33:04Z
dwc:institutionCode=AUDCLO
dwc:collectionCode>EBIRD
dwc:individualCount>2
dwc:eventID>http://guid.mvz.org/events/2006/11/26/17
dwc:samplingProtocol>area count
dwc:eventDate>2006-11-26
dwc:locationID>http://guid.mvz.org/sites/arg/127
dwc:country>Argentina
dwc:countryCode>AR
dwc:stateProvince>Neuquén
dwc:locality>Valle Limay, Estancia Rincon Grande, 48 ha area with centroid at this point
dwc:decimalLatitude>-40.97467
dwc:decimalLongitude>-71.0734
dwc:geodeticDatum>WGS84
dwc:coordinateUncertaintyInMeters>200
dwc:scientificName>Anthus hellmayri
dwc:class>Aves
dwc:genus>Anthus
dwc:specificEpithet>hellmayri
```
Model: Organism photographed in the wild.
Model: Organism measured in a study and published in journal article.
Model: Taxon said to occur in a protected area in 2009.
##### Machine Observation
### Species Checklists
#### Taxonomic treatment, normalised
A single accepted subspecies extracted from the http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3 mammal species of the world, 3rd edition] with its normalised classification hierarchy and synonyms. See also the denormalised example below.
```
dwc:taxonID=1
dwc:scientificName=Mammalia
dwc:taxonRank=class
dwc:taxonomicStatus=valid
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
dwc:taxonID=10400001
dwc:parentNameUsageID=1
dwc:scientificName=Didelphimorphia Gill, 1872
dwc:scientificNameAuthorship=Gill, 1872
dwc:taxonRank=order
dwc:taxonomicStatus=valid
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
dwc:taxonRemarks=Traditionally included in Marsupialia; included in Ameridelphia (see Aplin and Archer, 1987; Marshall et al., 1990; and Szalay, 1982); but not Microbiotheriidae (Marshall et al., 1990; contra Reig et al., 1987).
dc:source=http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?id=10400001
dwc:taxonID=10400002
dwc:parentNameUsageID=10400001
dwc:scientificName=Didelphidae Gray, 1821
dwc:scientificNameAuthorship=Gray, 1821
dwc:taxonRank=family
dwc:taxonomicStatus=valid
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
dwc:namePublishedIn=London Med. Repos., 15: 308.
dwc:taxonRemarks=Placed in the order Polyprotodontia by Kirsch (1977); also see Aplin and Archer (1987). Does not include Dromiciops; see Kirsch and Calaby (1977). Includes Caluromyidae, Glironiidae, and Marmosidae sensu Hershkovitz (1992a).
dc:source=http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?id=10400002
dwc:taxonID=10400030
dwc:parentNameUsageID=10400002
dwc:scientificName=Didelphinae Gray, 1821
dwc:scientificNameAuthorship=Gray, 1821
dwc:taxonRank=subfamily
dwc:taxonomicStatus=valid
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
dwc:namePublishedIn=London Med. Repos., 15: 308.
dwc:taxonRemarks=Hershkovitz (1992a) restricted the Didelphinae to the genera Chironectes, Didelphis, Philander, and Lutreolina. Hershkovitz (1997) further restricted the Didelphinae by establishing Chironectinae and Lutreolininae for Chironectes and Lutreolina, respectively.
dc:source=http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?id=10400030
dwc:taxonID=10400152
dwc:parentNameUsageID=10400030
dwc:scientificName=Philander Brisson, 1762
dwc:scientificNameAuthorship=Brisson, 1762
dwc:taxonRank=genus
dwc:taxonomicStatus=valid
dwc:typeStatus=Type Species: Didelphis opossum Linnaeus, 1758, by plenary action (Opinion 1894 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1998).
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
dwc:namePublishedIn=Regnum animale: 13.
dwc:taxonRemarks=Pine (1973) used Metachirops for this genus, as did Hall (1981), Husson (1978), and Corbet and Hill (1980; but not 1991 when they used Philander).
dc:source=http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?id=10400152
dwc:taxonID=10400156
dwc:parentNameUsageID=10400152
dwc:scientificName=Philander opossum Linnaeus, 1758
dwc:scientificNameAuthorship=Linnaeus, 1758
dwc:taxonRank=species
dwc:taxonomicStatus=valid
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
dwc:namePublishedIn=Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1: 55.
dwc:taxonRemarks=Corbet and Hill (1980), Hall (1981), Husson (1978), and Pine (1973) used Metachirops opossum for this species. Reviewed by Castro-Arellano et al. (2000, Mammalian Species, 638). The name D. larvata Jentink, 1888, is a nomen nudum. Didelphis opossum Linnaeus, 1758, is the type species for Holothylax Cabrera, 1919.
dwc:vernacularName=Gray Four-eyed Opossum
dc:source=http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?id=10400156
dwc:taxonID=10400158
dwc:parentNameUsageID=10400156
dwc:scientificName=Philander opossum canus Osgood, 1913
dwc:scientificNameAuthorship=Osgood, 1913
dwc:taxonRank=subspecies
dwc:taxonomicStatus=valid
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
dc:source=http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?id=10400158
dwc:acceptedNameUsageID=10400158
dwc:scientificName=Philander opossum crucialis (Thomas, 1923)
dwc:taxonRank=subspecies
dwc:taxonomicStatus=synonym
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
```
##### Taxonomic treatment, denormalised
Same information as the normalised version above, but given in a denormalised form with implicit higher taxa
```
dwc:taxonID=10400156
dwc:scientificName=Philander opossum Linnaeus, 1758
dwc:scientificNameAuthorship=Linnaeus, 1758
dwc:taxonRank=species
dwc:taxonomicStatus=valid
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
dwc:namePublishedIn=Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1: 55.
dwc:taxonRemarks=Corbet and Hill (1980), Hall (1981), Husson (1978), and Pine (1973) used Metachirops opossum for this species. Reviewed by Castro-Arellano et al. (2000, Mammalian Species, 638). The name D. larvata Jentink, 1888, is a nomen nudum. Didelphis opossum Linnaeus, 1758, is the type species for Holothylax Cabrera, 1919.
dwc:vernacularName=Gray Four-eyed Opossum
dwc:kingdom=Animalia
dwc:class=Mammalia
dwc:order=Didelphimorphia
dwc:family=Didelphidae
dwc:genus=Philander
dwc:taxonID=10400158
dwc:scientificName=Philander opossum canus Osgood, 1913
dwc:scientificNameAuthorship=Osgood, 1913
dwc:taxonRank=subspecies
dwc:taxonomicStatus=valid
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
dwc:kingdom=Animalia
dwc:class=Mammalia
dwc:order=Didelphimorphia
dwc:family=Didelphidae
dwc:genus=Philander
dwc:scientificName=Philander opossum crucialis (Thomas, 1923)
dwc:taxonRank=subspecies
dwc:taxonomicStatus=synonym
dwc:acceptedNameUsage=Philander opossum canus
dwc:nomenclaturalCode=ICZN
```
##### Nomenclatural name records
##### Invasive species checklist
##### Redlist
## RDFa examples
### Tagging content in HTML with DWC terms
[RDFa](http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-syntax/) provides a mechanism for expressing
semantic markup within HTML documents using RDF constructs.
Resources:
* An [RDFa parser](http://www.siatec.net/rdfaparser/) is available to convert RDFa to RDF. Note that this parser seems to drop the rdf typeof property.
* A [simple standalone RDFa to RDF converter](http://code.google.com/p/darwincore/source/browse/trunk/examples/rdfa_content/rdfa2rdf.py) in python.
* The [W3C RDF validator](http://www.w3.org/RDF/Validator/) provides a convenient tool for quickly visualizing an RDF structure.
#### Example 1: Name without context
Indicating that a string within a document is semantically equivalent
to a scientific name as defined in the Darwin Core.
There is no additional information about the scientific name, only an indication that the character string represents a scientific name, and so parsers that are able to interpret RDFa are able to identify that value in the document, though no additional context is explicitly stated.
* [Source](http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/examples/rdfa_content/sciname_1.html)
* [RDF](http://www.siatec.net/rdfaparser/index.php?xml=http%3A%2F%2Fdarwincore.googlecode.com%2Fsvn%2Ftrunk%2Fexamples%2Frdfa_content%2Fsciname_1.html)
* [RDF Visualized](http://www.w3.org/RDF/Validator/ARPServlet?URI=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.siatec.net%2Frdfaparser%2Findex.php%3Fxml%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fdarwincore.googlecode.com%252Fsvn%252Ftrunk%252Fexamples%252Frdfa_content%252Fsciname_1.html&PARSE=Parse+URI%3A+&TRIPLES_AND_GRAPH=PRINT_BOTH&FORMAT=PNG_EMBED)
```HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
xmlns:dwc="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/">
<head >
<title>Scientific Name in RDFa</title>
<meta about='taxonname_1.html' property='dc:creator' content="Dave Vieglais"/>
<meta about='taxonname_1.html' property='dc:date' content="2008-11-14T09:52:00+00:00" />
<meta about='taxonname_1.html' property='dc:description' content="Demonstrates how to
tag a scientific name with RDFa markup so that a parser can recognize that a string
value represents a scientific name." />
</head>
<body>
<p>This example shows how to tag a scientific name with RDFa markup so that a
parser can recognize that the string
<span property='dwc:scientificName' style='font-style: italic;'>Bufo marinus</span>
as a scientific name, and the string &quot;<span property='dwc:family'>Bufonidae</span>
is a family name, but there is no statement that the B. marinus is a
member of the family Bufonidae.</p>
</body>
</html>
```
#### Example 2: Name with simple context
This example wraps the scientific name and family within a named node, implying that the two are properties about the node rather than the whole document. This in turn infers that the scientific name is a member of the family, although this information is only contained in the human readable descriptions of the Darwin Core terms and can not be directly inferred from the RDF.
* [Source](http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/examples/rdfa_content/sciname_2.html)
* [RDF](http://www.siatec.net/rdfaparser/index.php?xml=http%3A%2F%2Fdarwincore.googlecode.com%2Fsvn%2Ftrunk%2Fexamples%2Frdfa_content%2Fsciname_2.html)
* [RDF Visualized](http://www.w3.org/RDF/Validator/ARPServlet?URI=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.siatec.net%2Frdfaparser%2Findex.php%3Fxml%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fdarwincore.googlecode.com%252Fsvn%252Ftrunk%252Fexamples%252Frdfa_content%252Fsciname_2.html&PARSE=Parse+URI%3A+&TRIPLES_AND_GRAPH=PRINT_BOTH&FORMAT=PNG_EMBED)
```HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
xmlns:dwc="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/">
<head>
<title>Scientific Name in RDFa</title>
<meta about='taxonname_2.html' property='dc:creator' content="Dave Vieglais"/>
<meta about='taxonname_2.html' property='dc:date' content="2008-11-14T09:52:00+00:00" />
<meta about='taxonname_2.html' property='dc:description' content="Demonstrates how to
tag a scientific name with RDFa markup so that a parser can recognize that a string
value represents a scientific name." />
</head>
<body>
<p>This example shows how to tag a scientific name with RDFa markup so that a
parser can recognize that the string
<span about='#name1' typeof='dwct:Record'>
<span property='dwc:scientificName' style='font-style: italic;'>Bufo marinus</span>
as a scientific name, and the string &quot;<span property='dwc:family'>Bufonidae</span>
is a family name</span>, and since both terms form part of a Darwin Core record,
infers that Bufonidae is the family name for &quot;#name1&quote; and Bufo marinus
is the scientific name.</p>
</body>
</html>
```
### Example 3 Observation with name and location
Describes an observation in a HTML document using RDFa notation. This minimal example expresses the location two ways- using the Darwin Core DecimalLatitude and DecimalLongitude terms and the GeoRSS point.
* [Source](http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/examples/rdfa_content/sciname_location.html)
* [RDF](http://www.siatec.net/rdfaparser/index.php?xml=http%3A%2F%2Fdarwincore.googlecode.com%2Fsvn%2Ftrunk%2Fexamples%2Frdfa_content%2Fsciname_location.html RDF)
* [RDF Visualized](http://www.w3.org/RDF/Validator/ARPServlet?URI=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.siatec.net%2Frdfaparser%2Findex.php%3Fxml%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fdarwincore.googlecode.com%252Fsvn%252Ftrunk%252Fexamples%252Frdfa_content%252Fsciname_location.html&PARSE=Parse+URI%3A+&TRIPLES_AND_GRAPH=PRINT_BOTH&FORMAT=PNG_EMBED)
```HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
xmlns:dwc="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
xmlns:dwct="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/dwctype/"
xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss#'>
<head >
<title>Scientific Name in RDFa</title>
<meta about='sciname_location.html' property='dc:creator' content="Dave Vieglais"/>
<meta about='sciname_location.html' property='dc:date' content="2008-11-14T09:52:00+00:00" />
<meta about='sciname_location.html' property='dc:description' content="Demonstrates how to
create the equivalent of a simple observation record within a HTML document that can be
converted to an RDF document." />
</head>
<body>
<p>This example document contains a record with of an observation tagged with an lsid of xxx
<span about="lsid:blah.blah" typeof="oboe:Observation">
that includes the scientific name
<span property='dwc:scientificName' style='font-style: italic;'>Bufo marinus</span>,
<span about='lsid:blah.blah' typeof="dc:Location" >
<span property='dwc:geodeticDatum' content='epsg:4326' />
a geographic location of
<span about='lsid:blah.blah' property='georss:point' content='-25.273262 152.725067' />
longitude <span property='dwc:decimalLongitude'>152.725067</span> east,
latitude <span property='dwc:decimalLatitude'>-25.273262</span>,
</span>
and a time of
<span about='lsid:blah.blah' property='dwc:eventDate' content="2008-11-10T23:32:00+00:00">
9:32 in the morning of the 12th of November.</span>
</span>
</p>
</body>
</html>
```

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## Tools and applications
This page is meant to be an index to Darwin Core resources such as schemas, applications, properties files, and example data sets.
If you have schema to contribute or discuss, create a wiki page for it, provide clear and succinct sections on Purpose and Audience, and give it an appropriate schema Label (schema-XML, schema-TEXT). When the page is developed satisfactorily a reference to it can be placed in the index on this page, which is referenced in the Darwin Core Standard documents.
### Normative term definition document
* RDF file of the complete history of all terms used in Darwin Core http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/rdf/dwctermshistory.rdf
### Archive
* Zip file of complete standard (usable offline) http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/archive/darwincore.zip
### Translations
* DwC terms definitions for translation http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/downloads/DwCTermsForTranslations.csv
* RDF file of existing translations http://rs.gbif.org/terms/dwc/dwc_translations.rdf
### Presentations
#### Darwin Core ratified in the year of Darwin
* Presentation: http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/downloads/Kampmeier_ECN09DwC.ppt
* Abstract: Entomological Collections Network meeting 13 December 2009. The concept of the Darwin Core (http://www.tdwg.org/activities/darwincore/) as a standard by which to share information about species and biodiversity information has been evolving over the last 10 years. Many of us used the now historical versions (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/history/versions/index.htm) to guide how we would parse our specimen data into fields, using the Classic Darwin Core (1.2) or the Draft Standard Darwin Core (1.4), perhaps with curatorial, geospatial, or paleontology extensions, or even the specimen interaction extension under discussion mainly by those interested in pollination ecology. The newly ratified Darwin Core Standard (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/) of the Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) group (www.tdwg.org) has elevated the process to an entirely new level, firmly rooting it in the Dublin Core (dublincore.org) where applicable, and using modern tools to allow documentation, issue tracking, discussion, and changes to encourage a dynamic and flexible yet grounded standard on which to build a framework for sharing our biodiversity information. And in the year celebrating anniversaries of the birth of Darwin and the publication of his "On the Origin of Species"--how cool is that?!
#### What is a Darwin Core Archive and who uses it?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYbDN2jCCoc
### Templates
* Simple DwC CSV file header (UTF8 encoding): http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/downloads/SimpleDwCCSVheaderUTF8.txt
* Simple DwC Properties file (language=en): http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/downloads/SimpleDwC.properties
* Simple DwC MySQL CREATE TABLE statement: http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/downloads/SimpleDwCMySQL.sql
* Simple DwC Microsoft Access database: http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/downloads/SimpleDwCMSAccess.mdb
* Simple DwC Microsoft Excel spreadsheet: http://darwincore.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/downloads/SimpleDwCMSExcel.xls
### Vocabularies
Controlled Vocabulary Tools (lists, web services):
* http://rs.gbif.org
* http://vocabularies.gbif.org/
* Apple Core: https://code.google.com/p/applecore/
* DwC Java Enumerations: https://github.com/gbif/dwc-api
### Simple Darwin Core
* Introduction: http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/simple/index.htm
* XML schema: http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/xsd/tdwg_dwc_simple.xsd
* Extensible XML schema: http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/xsd/tdwg_dwc_simple_extensible.xsd
### Darwin Core Archives (DwC-A)
#### GBIF Darwin Core Archive references
GBIF Resource for [Darwin Core Archives](http://www.gbif.org/search/node/Darwin%20Core%20Archive)
#### Darwin Core Archive Reader (Java)
See https://github.com/gbif/dwca-reader/ for more details.
#### Darwin Core Archive Reader (Python)
* Code: https://github.com/BelgianBiodiversityPlatform/python-dwca-reader
* Documentation: http://python-dwca-reader.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
#### Darwin Core Archive Validator
The validator was written by GBIF to test Darwin Core Archives as specified in the [Darwin Core Text Guide](http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/guides/text/index.htm). Due to the simplicity of the archives GBIF encourages publishers to create them using simple custom scripts. Therefore the need arises to provide a testing framework for developers to make sure GBIF and others can read the information as expected.
The validator uses the [official XML schema](http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/text/tdwg_dwc_text.xsd) to validate the meta.xml descriptor, but additionally it validates the content against the known extensions and terms registered within the GBIF network for sharing biodiversity data. GBIF runs a production and a development registry that keeps track of extensions, both of which are used by this validator.
* online validator service at GBIF: http://tools.gbif.org/dwca-validator/
* source code: https://github.com/gbif/dwca-validator
#### Darwin Core Archive Assistant
See http://code.google.com/p/gbif-meta-maker/
Online service at http://tools.gbif.org/dwca-assistant
The Darwin Core Archive Assistant is a web application that presents a simple interface for describing the data elements a data publisher wishes to serve to the GBIF network as basic text files and composes the appropriate XML descriptor file as defined in the Darwin Core Text Guidelines to accompany them. It communicates with the GBIF registry to provide an up-to-date listing of all relevant Darwin Core terms and available extensions and presents these in a simple checklist format.
#### GBIF Integrated Publishing Toolkit
The GBIF Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT) is a freely available open source web application that makes it easy to produce, share, and publish biodiversity-related information using Darwin Core Archives.
* GBIF IPT home: http://www.gbif.org/ipt
* Online demo installation: http://ipt.gbif.org
* Source code: http://code.google.com/p/gbif-providertoolkit/
#### dwca2sql
Darwin Core to SQL (dwca2sql) is a lightweight tool to ease the importation of Darwin Core archives into a relational database. It translates the structure and content of a Darwin Core Archive file into CREATE TABLE and/or INSERT INTO SQL statements, packaged as an .sql file, which you can then import in your database.
* Source code: https://github.com/Canadensys/dwca2sql

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
<title>Darwin Core Terms: A complete historical record</title>
<link href="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/history/" rel="schema.DC" />
<meta content="Darwin Core Terms: A complete historical record" name=
"DC.title" />
<meta content=
"This document is a consolidated, historically complete, and updated representation of all Elements, Element Refinements, Encoding Schemes, and Vocabulary Terms in Darwin Core namespaces in all of their historical versions both current and superseded. While this document may be useful for tracking changes in the status and attributes of terms over time, most users will need just the latest information, which is held in the document Darwin Core Terms: A quick reference guide at http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
name="DC.description" />
<meta content="biodiversity, standards" name="DC.subject" />
<meta content="Darwin Core Task Group" name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="John Wieczorek (MVZ)" name="DC.contributor" />
<meta content="Markus Döring (GBIF)" name="DC.contributor" />
<meta content="Renato De Giovanni (CRIA)" name="DC.contributor" />
<meta content="Tim Robertson (GBIF)" name="DC.contributor" />
<meta content="Dave Vieglais (KUNHM)" name="DC.contributor" />
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<h2>1. Introduction</h2>
This page contains detailed historical information about the Darwin Core terms and standard. You may want to consider consulting one of the following pages if you have other specific interests:
<a href="../index.html">Darwin Core Terms</a> - current term definitions
<a href="../dwc_normative.rdf">Normative Darwin Core</a> - authoritative specification of the standard in RDF
<a href="./old_versions.html">Darwin Core Versions</a> - pre-standard versions of Darwin Core
<a href="./mapping_abcd.html">Mapping to ABCD</a> - relationship of terms to <a href=
"http://www.tdwg.org/schemas/abcd/2.06">ABCD 2.06</a>
<a id="dwchistory" name="dwchistory"></a>
<h2>2. History of Darwin Core</h2>
Darwin Core was developed as a standard under the <a href="http://www.tdwg.org/activities/darwincore/">Darwin Core Task Group</a> following the <a href="http://www.tdwg.org/about-tdwg/process/">standards process</a> of <a href="http://www.tdwg.org/">Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG)</a>.
Following is the timeline for the Darwin Core ratification process:
* 14 Feb 2009 - The standard was submitted to the TDWG Executive Committee.
* 17 Feb 2009 - Gail Kampmeier accepted role as Review Manager.
* 11 Apr 2009 - Peer Review submitted to Darwin Core Task Group.
* 01 May 2009 - Revisions made and comments submitted to Review Manager.
* 13 May 2009 - Additional recommendations provided by the Review Manager.
* 24 May 2009 - Revisions made and new version committed to standards track.
* 29 May 2009 - Revisions accepted and draft standard forwarded for review by the TDWG Executive Committee.
* 29 Jun 2009 - Executive Review submitted to Darwin Core Task Group with recommendation to accept for Public Review with revisions.
* 08 Jul 2009 - Revisions made and new version committed to standards track.
* 11 Jul 2009 - Proposed standard announced for public review.
* 10 Aug 2009 - Earliest possible date for the close of public review.
* 23 Sep 2009 - Public Review closed, response version published.
* 08 Oct 2009 - Standard ratified by TDWG Executive Committee.
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Public review was conducted and archived on the <a href="http://lists.tdwg.org/pipermail/tdwg-content/">tdwg-content mailing list</a> (tdwg-content@lists.tdwg.org) from 11 July through 23 Sep 2009.
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* The primary purpose of the standard is more open to biological data of all kinds than previous versions, whose scope was limited to biological occurrence and biased toward specimen data.
* The foundation of the standard is a list of reusable concepts (called terms) rather than just a set of XML schemas. The list is maintained in its canonical form in rdf (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/rdf/dwcterms.rdf). The remainder of the standard consists of documentation about the terms, their maintenance, their use in applications, and the mechanisms for extending the Darwin Core, as well as a number of functional and example application profiles.
* The list of terms consists of those derived from previous versions of the Darwin Core XML schemas (including OBIS and the Curatorial, Geospatial, and Paleontology extensions), as well as terms recommended for use by the Observations, Animal Movement, Crop Wild Relatives, Genetic Resources, and Sensitive Data groups. In the making of this list and the crafting of the term definitions, care was taken to address concerns arising in discussion groups, mailing lists, and wiki commentary since the inception of the first proposed Darwin Core XML schema.
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<center><h1>Darwin Core Terms: A complete historical record</h1></center>
<table cellspacing="0" class="docinfo">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Title:</th>
<td>Darwin Core Terms: A complete historical record</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Date Issued:</th>
<td>2009-02-12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Date Modified:</th>
<td>2014-12-05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Abstract:</th>
<td>
This document is an authoritative specification of all
terms in all of their historical versions as maintained by
the Darwin Core Task Group. While this document is useful
for complete information and for tracking changes in the
status and attributes of terms over time, most users will
need just the latest information, which is held in the
document &quot;Darwin Core Terms: A quick reference
guide&quot; [<a href="../index.htm">TERMS</a>].
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Contributors:</th>
<td>John Wieczorek (MVZ), Markus Döring (GBIF), Renato De
Giovanni (CRIA), Tim Robertson (GBIF), Dave Vieglais
(KUNHM)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Legal:</th>
<td>This document is governed by the standard legal,
copyright, licensing provisions and disclaimers issued by the
Taxonomic Databases Working Group.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Part of TDWG Standard:</th>
<td>
<a href=
"http://www.tdwg.org/standards/450/">http://www.tdwg.org/standards/450/</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Creator:</th>
<td>Darwin Core Task Group</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Identifier:</th>
<td>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/2014-11-08/terms/history/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Latest Version:</th>
<td>
<a href=
"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/history/index.htm">http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/history/</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Replaces:</th>
<td>
<a href=
"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/2013-10-22/terms/history/index.htm">
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/2013-10-22/terms/history/</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Document Status:</th>
<td>Current Standard</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table><a id="introduction" name="introduction"></a>
<h2>1. Introduction</h2><b>Audience</b>: This document is targeted toward
those who wish to understand the complete specification of the Darwin Core
terms and their histories. Most users will not need the comprehensive
historical detail presented here and should instead consult the document
<i>Darwin Core Terms: A quick reference guide</i> [<a href=
"../index.htm">TERMS</a>], for the most current basic information on
recommended terms. Users who want the authoritative specification of the
terms should consult the full Resource Description Framework [<a href=
"../../rdf/dwctermshistory.rdf">RDF</a>] document.
<p>This document serves as a complete alphabetically ordered reference for
all terms associated with the Darwin Core, including historical versions
(Classic, MaNIS, OBIS, Draft Standard 1.4, Curatorial extension, Geospatial
extension, Paleontology extension) prior to having a standard.</p>
<p>Users interested in mappings from historical versions to the current
standard may consult the document <i>Darwin Core Versions</i> [<a href=
"./versions/index.htm">VERSIONS</a>]. Users interested in mappings between
the current recommended terms and the most recent schema for <i>Access to
Biological Collections Data</i> should consult the document <i>Darwin Core
to ABCD Mapping</i> [<a href="./dwctoabcd/index.htm">DWCTOABCD</a>].
Mappings between historical versions and ABCD 2.06 [<a href=
"http://www.tdwg.org/schemas/abcd/2.06">ABCD</a>] are contained in this
document.</p>
<a id="theterms" name="theterms"></a>
<h2>2. The Terms: Definitions</h2>
<a id="termhistory" name="termhistory"></a>
<h2>3. Term History</h2>
<p>This document serves as a complete alphabetically ordered reference for all terms associated with the Darwin Core, including historical pre-standard versions (Classic, MaNIS, OBIS, Draft Standard 1.4, Curatorial extension, Geospatial extension, Paleontology extension).</p>
<p>Following is the complete list of term attributes and their
definitions:</p>
<p></p>
<table align="center" border="0" width="95%">
<tbody>
<tr>
@ -904,7 +666,7 @@
<TR><TH colspan="2"><A name="reproductiveCondition-2009-04-24">Term Name: reproductiveCondition</A></TH></TR> <TR><TD>Identifier:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/reproductiveCondition</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Namespace:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Label:</TD><TD>Reproductive Condition</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Definition:</TD><TD>The reproductive condition of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Comment:</TD><TD>Examples" "non-reproductive", "pregnant", "in bloom", "fruit-bearing". For discussion see <a href="http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:reproductiveCondition">http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:reproductiveCondition</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Type of Term:</TD><TD>http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Refines:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Status:</TD><TD>recommended</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Issued:</TD><TD>2008-11-19</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Modified:</TD><TD>2009-04-24</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Domain:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Range:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Version:</TD><TD>reproductiveCondition-2009-04-24</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Replaces:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Is Replaced By:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Class:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence</TD></TR> <TR><TD>ABCD 2.06:</TD><TD>not in ABCD</TD></TR>
<TR><TH colspan="2"><A name="resourceID-2009-04-24">Term Name: resourceID</A></TH></TR> <TR><TD>Identifier:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/resourceID</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Namespace:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Label:</TD><TD>Resource ID</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Definition:</TD><TD>An identifier for the resource that is the subject of the relationship.</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Comment:</TD><TD>For discussion see <a href="http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:resourceID">http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:resourceID</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Type of Term:</TD><TD>http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Refines:</TD><TD>http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Status:</TD><TD>recommended</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Issued:</TD><TD>2009-04-24</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Modified:</TD><TD>2009-04-24</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Domain:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Range:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Version:</TD><TD>resourceID-2009-04-24</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Replaces:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Is Replaced By:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Class:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/ResourceRelationship</TD></TR> <TR><TD>ABCD 2.06:</TD><TD>not in ABCD</TD></TR>
<TR><TH colspan="2"><A name="ResourceRelationship-2009-01-21">Term Name: ResourceRelationship</A></TH></TR> <TR><TD>Identifier:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/ResourceRelationship</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Namespace:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Label:</TD><TD>Resource Relationship</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Definition:</TD><TD>The category of information pertaining to relationships between resources (instances of data records, such as Occurrences, Taxa, Locations, Events).</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Comment:</TD><TD>Resources can be thought of as identifiable records and may include, but need not be limited to Occurrences, Locations, Events, Identifications, or Taxon records.</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Type of Term:</TD><TD>http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Refines:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Status:</TD><TD>superseded</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Issued:</TD><TD>2008-11-19</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Modified:</TD><TD>2014-10-23</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Domain:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Range:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Decision:</TD><TD><a href="./decisions/index.htm#Decision-2014-10-26_15">Decision-2014-10-26_15</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Version:</TD><TD>ResourceRelationship-2009-01-21</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Replaces:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Is Replaced By:</TD><TD><a href="./index.htm#ResourceRelationship-2014-10-23">ResourceRelationship-2014-10-23</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Class:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>ABCD 2.06:</TD><TD>DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations</TD></TR>
<TR><TH colspan="2"><A name="ResourceRelationship-2014-10-23">Term Name: ResourceRelationship</A></TH></TR> <TR><TD>Identifier:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/ResourceRelationship</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Namespace:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Label:</TD><TD>Resource Relationship</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Definition:</TD><TD>A relationship of one rdfs:Resource (<a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource) to anothe">http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource) to anothe</a>) to another.</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Comment:</TD><TD>Resources can be thought of as identifiable records or instances of classes and may include, but need not be limited to Occurrences, Organisms, MaterialSamples, Events, Locations, GeologicalContexts, Identifications, or Taxa. Example: An instance of an Organism is the mother of another instance of an Organism. For discussion see <a href="http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:ResourceRelationship">http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:ResourceRelationship</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Type of Term:</TD><TD>http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Refines:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Status:</TD><TD>recommended</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Issued:</TD><TD>2008-11-19</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Modified:</TD><TD>2014-10-23</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Domain:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Range:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Decision:</TD><TD><a href="./decisions/index.htm#Decision-2014-10-26_15">Decision-2014-10-26_15</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Version:</TD><TD>ResourceRelationship-2014-10-23</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Replaces:</TD><TD><a href="./index.htm#ResourceRelationship-2009-01-21">ResourceRelationship-2009-01-21</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Is Replaced By:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Class:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>ABCD 2.06:</TD><TD>DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations</TD></TR>
<TR><TH colspan="2"><A name="ResourceRelationship-2014-10-23">Term Name: ResourceRelationship</A></TH></TR> <TR><TD>Identifier:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/ResourceRelationship</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Namespace:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Label:</TD><TD>Resource Relationship</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Definition:</TD><TD>A relationship of one rdfs:Resource (<a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource</a>) to another.</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Comment:</TD><TD>Resources can be thought of as identifiable records or instances of classes and may include, but need not be limited to Occurrences, Organisms, MaterialSamples, Events, Locations, GeologicalContexts, Identifications, or Taxa. Example: An instance of an Organism is the mother of another instance of an Organism. For discussion see <a href="http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:ResourceRelationship">http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:ResourceRelationship</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Type of Term:</TD><TD>http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Refines:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Status:</TD><TD>recommended</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Issued:</TD><TD>2008-11-19</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Modified:</TD><TD>2014-10-23</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Domain:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Range:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Decision:</TD><TD><a href="./decisions/index.htm#Decision-2014-10-26_15">Decision-2014-10-26_15</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Version:</TD><TD>ResourceRelationship-2014-10-23</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Replaces:</TD><TD><a href="./index.htm#ResourceRelationship-2009-01-21">ResourceRelationship-2009-01-21</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Is Replaced By:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Class:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>ABCD 2.06:</TD><TD>DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations</TD></TR>
<TR><TH colspan="2"><A name="resourceRelationshipID-2009-04-24">Term Name: resourceRelationshipID</A></TH></TR> <TR><TD>Identifier:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/resourceRelationshipID</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Namespace:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Label:</TD><TD>Resource Relationship ID</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Definition:</TD><TD>An identifier for an instance of relationship between one resource (the subject) and another (relatedResource, the object).</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Comment:</TD><TD>For discussion see <a href="http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:resourceRelationshipID">http://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:resourceRelationshipID</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Type of Term:</TD><TD>http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Refines:</TD><TD>http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Status:</TD><TD>recommended</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Issued:</TD><TD>2009-01-26</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Modified:</TD><TD>2009-04-24</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Domain:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Range:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Version:</TD><TD>resourceRelationshipID-2009-04-24</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Replaces:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Is Replaced By:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Class:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/ResourceRelationship</TD></TR> <TR><TD>ABCD 2.06:</TD><TD>not in ABCD</TD></TR>
<TR><TH colspan="2"><A name="Sample-2008-11-19">Term Name: Sample</A></TH></TR> <TR><TD>Identifier:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Sample</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Namespace:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Label:</TD><TD>Sample</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Definition:</TD><TD>Container class for information about the results of a sampling event (specimen, observation, etc.)</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Comment:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Type of Term:</TD><TD>http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Refines:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Status:</TD><TD>superseded</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Issued:</TD><TD>2008-11-19</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Modified:</TD><TD>2008-11-19</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Domain:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Range:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Version:</TD><TD>Sample-2008-11-19</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Replaces:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Is Replaced By:</TD><TD><a href="./index.htm#Occurrence-2009-04-29">Occurrence-2009-04-29</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Class:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>ABCD 2.06:</TD><TD>DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit</TD></TR>
<TR><TH colspan="2"><A name="SampleAttribute-2008-11-19">Term Name: SampleAttribute</A></TH></TR> <TR><TD>Identifier:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SampleAttribute</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Namespace:</TD><TD>http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Label:</TD><TD>Sample Attribute</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Definition:</TD><TD>Container class for information about attributes related to a given sample.</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Comment:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Type of Term:</TD><TD>http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Refines:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Status:</TD><TD>superseded</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Issued:</TD><TD>2008-11-19</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Date Modified:</TD><TD>2008-11-19</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Domain:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Has Range:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Version:</TD><TD>SampleAttribute-2008-11-19</TD></TR> <TR><TD>Replaces:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Is Replaced By:</TD><TD><a href="./index.htm#MeasurementOrFact-2009-04-24">MeasurementOrFact-2009-04-24</a></TD></TR> <TR><TD>Class:</TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD>ABCD 2.06:</TD><TD>Datasets/Dataset/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts</TD></TR>
@ -1030,24 +792,4 @@
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</script></p>
</body>
</html>