diff --git a/docs/doe/index.md b/docs/doe/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e2a3b48 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/doe/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,612 @@ +# Degree of Establishment Controlled Vocabulary List of Terms + +Title: +: Degree of Establishment Controlled Vocabulary List of Terms + +Namespace URI +: + +Preferred namespace abbreviation +: dwcdoe: + +Date version issued +: 2020-10-13 + +Date created +: 2020-10-13 + +Part of TDWG Standard +: + +This document version +: + +Latest version of document +: + +Abstract +: The Darwin Core term `degreeOfEstablishment` provides information about degree to which an Organism survives, reproduces, and expands its range at the given place and time.. The Degree of Establishment Controlled Vocabulary provides terms that should be used as values for `dwc:degreeOfEstablishment` and `dwciri:degreeOfEstablishment`. + +Contributors +: Quentin Groom, Peter Desmet, Lien Reyserhove, Tim Adriaens, Damiano Oldoni, Sonia Vanderhoeven, Steven J Baskauf, Arthur Chapman, Melodie McGeoch, Ramona Walls, John Wieczorek, John R.U. Wilson, Paula F F Zermoglio, Annie Simpson + +Creator +: TDWG Darwin Core Maintenance Group + +Bibliographic citation +: Darwin Core Maintenance Group. 2020. Degree of Establishment Controlled Vocabulary List of Terms. Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG). + + +## 1 Introduction + +This document includes terms intended to be used as a controlled value for Darwin Core terms with local name `degreeOfEstablishment`. For details and rationale, see Groom et al. 2019. Improving Darwin Core for research and management of alien species. + +### 1.1 Status of the content of this document + +In Section 4, the values of the `Term IRI`, `Definition`, and `Controlled value` are normative. The value of `Usage` (if it exists for a given term) is normative. The values of `Term Name` are non-normative, although one can expect that the namespace abbreviation prefix is one commonly used for the term namespace. `Label` and the values of all other properties (such as `Notes`) are non-normative. + +### 1.2 RFC 2119 key words +The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC 2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119). + +## 2 Use of Terms + +Due to the requirements of [Section 1.4.3 of the Darwin Core RDF Guide](http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/guides/rdf/#143-use-of-darwin-core-terms-in-rdf-normative), term IRIs MUST be used as values of `dwciri:degreeOfEstablishment`. Controlled value strings MUST be used as values of `dwc:degreeOfEstablishment`. + +## 3 Term index + + +[captive (category B1)](#dwcdoe_d002) | +[casual (category C1)](#dwcdoe_d006) | +[colonising (category D1)](#dwcdoe_d009) | +[cultivated (category B2)](#dwcdoe_d003) | +[degreeOfEstablishment concept scheme](#dwcdoe_d) | +[established (category C3)](#dwcdoe_d008) | +[failing (category C0)](#dwcdoe_d005) | +[invasive (category D2)](#dwcdoe_d010) | +[native (category A)](#dwcdoe_d001) | +[released (category B3)](#dwcdoe_d004) | +[reproducing (category C2)](#dwcdoe_d007) | +[widespread invasive (category E)](#dwcdoe_d011) + +## 4 Vocabulary + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d-2020-10-13
LabeldegreeOfEstablishment concept scheme
DefinitionA SKOS Concept Scheme to be used as a controlled vocabulary for the Darwin Core terms dwc:degreeOfEstablishment and dwciri:degreeOfEstablishment
Typehttp://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#ConceptScheme
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d001
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d001
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d001-2020-10-13
Labelnative (category A)
DefinitionNot transported beyond limits of native range
NotesConsidered native and naturally occuring. See also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category A
Controlled valuenative
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d002
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d002
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d002-2020-10-13
Labelcaptive (category B1)
DefinitionIndividuals in captivity or quarantine (i.e. individuals provided with conditions suitable for them, but explicit measures of containment are in place)
UsageOnly for cases where specific actions have been taken place to prevent escape of individuals or propagules
NotesSee also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category B1
Controlled valuecaptive
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d003
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d003
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d003-2020-10-13
Labelcultivated (category B2)
DefinitionIndividuals in cultivation (i.e. individuals provided with conditions suitable for them, but explicit measures to prevent dispersal are limited at best)
NotesExamples include gardens, parks and farms. See also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category B2
Controlled valuecultivated
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d004
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d004
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d004-2020-10-13
Labelreleased (category B3)
DefinitionIndividuals directly released into novel environment
NotesFor example, fish stocked for angling, birds for hunting. See also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category B3
Controlled valuereleased
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d005
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d005
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d005-2020-10-13
Labelfailing (category C0)
DefinitionIndividuals released outside of captivity or cultivation in a location, but incapable of surviving for a significant period
NotesSuch as frost tender plants sown or planted in a cold climate. See also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category C0
Controlled valuefailing
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d006
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d006
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d006-2020-10-13
Labelcasual (category C1)
DefinitionIndividuals surviving outside of captivity or cultivation in a location, no reproduction
NotesTrees planted in the wild for forestry or ornament may come under this category. See also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category C1
Controlled valuecasual
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d007
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d007
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d007-2020-10-13
Labelreproducing (category C2)
DefinitionIndividuals surviving outside of captivity or cultivation in a location, reproduction is occurring, but population not self-sustaining
NotesOffspring are produced, but these either do not survive or are fertile enough to maintain the population. See also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category C2
Controlled valuereproducing
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d008
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d008
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d008-2020-10-13
Labelestablished (category C3)
DefinitionIndividuals surviving outside of captivity or cultivation in a location, reproduction occurring, and population self-sustaining
NotesThe population is maintained by reproduction, but is not spreading. See also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category C3
Controlled valueestablished
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d009
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d009
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d009-2020-10-13
Labelcolonising (category D1)
DefinitionSelf-sustaining population outside of captivity or cultivation, with individuals surviving a significant distance from the original point of introduction
NotesThe population is maintained by reproduction and is spreading. See also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category D1
Controlled valuecolonising
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d010
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d010
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d010-2020-10-13
Labelinvasive (category D2)
DefinitionSelf-sustaining population outside of captivity or cultivation, with individuals surviving and reproducing a significant distance from the original point of introduction
NotesThe population is maintained by reproduction, is spreading, and their progeny is also reproducing and spreading. See also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category D2
Controlled valueinvasive
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcdoe:d011
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/d011
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcdoe/values/version/d011-2020-10-13
Labelwidespread invasive (category E)
DefinitionFully invasive species, with individuals dispersing, surviving and reproducing at multiple sites across a greater or lesser spectrum of habitats and extent of occurrence
UsageThis term is only used for those invasives with the highest degree of encroachment
NotesSee also Blackburn et al. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023 category E
Controlled valuewidespreadInvasive
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_26
+ + diff --git a/docs/em/index.md b/docs/em/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..adef43b --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/em/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,374 @@ +# Establishment Means Controlled Vocabulary List of Terms + +Title +: Establishment Means Controlled Vocabulary List of Terms + +Namespace URI +: + +Preferred namespace abbreviation +: dwcem: + +Date version issued +: 2020-10-13 + +Date created +: 2020-10-13 + +Part of TDWG Standard +: + +This document version +: + +Latest version of document +: + +Abstract +: The Darwin Core term `establishmentMeans` provides information about whether an organism or organisms have been introduced to a given place and time through the direct or indirect activity of modern humans. The Establishment Means Controlled Vocabulary provides terms that should be used as values for `dwc:establishmentMeans` and `dwciri:establishmentMeans`. + +Contributors +: Quentin Groom, Peter Desmet, Lien Reyserhove, Tim Adriaens, Damiano Oldoni, Sonia Vanderhoeven, Steven J Baskauf, Arthur Chapman, Melodie McGeoch, Ramona Walls, John Wieczorek, John R.U. Wilson, Paula F F Zermoglio, Annie Simpson + +Creator +: TDWG Darwin Core Maintenance Group + +Bibliographic citation +: Darwin Core Maintenance Group. 2020. Establishment Means Controlled Vocabulary List of Terms. Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG). + + +## 1 Introduction + +This document includes terms intended to be used as a controlled value for Darwin Core terms with local name `establishmentMeans`. For details and rationale, see Groom et al. 2019. Improving Darwin Core for research and management of alien species. + +### 1.1 Status of the content of this document + +In Section 4, the values of the `Term IRI`, `Definition`, and `Controlled value` are normative. The value of `Usage` (if it exists for a given term) is normative. The values of `Term Name` are non-normative, although one can expect that the namespace abbreviation prefix is one commonly used for the term namespace. `Label` and the values of all other properties (such as `Notes`) are non-normative. + +### 1.2 RFC 2119 key words +The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC 2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119). + +## 2 Use of Terms + +Due to the requirements of [Section 1.4.3 of the Darwin Core RDF Guide](https://dwc.tdwg.org/rdf/#143-use-of-darwin-core-terms-in-rdf-normative), term IRIs MUST be used as values of `dwciri:establishmentMeans`. Controlled value strings MUST be used as values of `dwc:establishmentMeans`. + +## 3 Term index + + +[establishmentMeans controlled concept scheme](#dwcem_e) | +[introduced (alien, exotic, non-native, nonindigenous)](#dwcem_e003) | +[introduced: assisted colonisation](#dwcem_e004) | +[native (indigenous)](#dwcem_e001) | +[native: reintroduced](#dwcem_e002) | +[uncertain (unknown, cryptogenic)](#dwcem_e006) | +[vagrant (casual)](#dwcem_e005) + +## 4 Vocabulary + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcem:e
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e-2020-10-13
LabelestablishmentMeans controlled concept scheme
DefinitionA SKOS Concept Scheme to be used as a controlled vocabulary for the Darwin Core terms dwc:establishmentMeans and dwciri:establishmentMeans
Typehttp://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#ConceptScheme
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcem:e001
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e001
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e001-2020-10-13
Labelnative (indigenous)
DefinitionA taxon occurring within its natural range
NotesWhat is considered native to an area varies with the biogeographic history of an area and the local interpretation of what is a "natural range".
Controlled valuenative
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcem:e002
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e002
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e002-2020-10-13
Labelnative: reintroduced
DefinitionA taxon re-established by direct introduction by humans into an area which was once part of its natural range, but from where it had become extinct.
NotesWhere a taxon has become extirpated from an area where it had naturally occurred it may be returned to that area deliberately with the intension of re-establishing it.
Controlled valuenativeReintroduced
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcem:e003
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e003
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e003-2020-10-13
Labelintroduced (alien, exotic, non-native, nonindigenous)
DefinitionEstablishment of a taxon by human agency into an area that is not part of its natural range
NotesOrganisms can be introduced to novel areas and habitats by human activity, either on purpose or by accident. Humans can also inadvertently create corridors that breakdown natural barriers to dispersal and allow organisms to spread beyond their natural range.
Controlled valueintroduced
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcem:e004
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e004
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e004-2020-10-13
Labelintroduced: assisted colonisation
DefinitionEstablishment of a taxon specifically with the intention of creating a self-sustaining wild population in an area that is not part of the taxon's natural range
NotesIn the event of environmental change and habitat destruction a conservation option is to introduce a taxon into an area it did not naturally occur
Controlled valueintroducedAssistedColonisation
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcem:e005
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e005
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e005-2020-10-13
Labelvagrant (casual)
DefinitionThe temporary occurrence of a taxon far outside its natural or migratory range.
NotesNatural events and human activity can disperse organisms unpredictably into places where they may stay or survive for a period.
Controlled valuevagrant
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcem:e006
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/e006
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcem/values/version/e006-2020-10-13
Labeluncertain (unknown, cryptogenic)
DefinitionThe origin of the occurrence of the taxon in an area is obscure
NotesWhen there is a lack of fossil or historical evidence for the occurrence of a taxon in an area it can be impossible to know if the taxon is new to the area or native.
Controlled valueuncertain
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_24
+ + diff --git a/docs/pw/index.md b/docs/pw/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bea8630 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/pw/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,2764 @@ +# Pathway Controlled Vocabulary List of Terms + +Title +: Pathway Controlled Vocabulary List of Terms + +Namespace URI +: + +Preferred namespace abbreviation +: dwcpw: + +Date version issued +: 2020-10-13 + +Date created +: 2020-10-13 + +Part of TDWG Standard +: + +This document version +: + +Latest version of document +: + +Abstract +: The Darwin Core term `pathway` provides information about the process by which an Organism came to be in a given place at a given time. The Pathway Controlled Vocabulary provides terms that should be used as values for `dwc:pathway` and `dwciri:pathway`. + +Contributors +: Quentin Groom, Peter Desmet, Lien Reyserhove, Tim Adriaens, Damiano Oldoni, Sonia Vanderhoeven, Steven J Baskauf, Arthur Chapman, Melodie McGeoch, Ramona Walls, John Wieczorek, John R.U. Wilson, Paula F F Zermoglio, Annie Simpson + +Creator +: TDWG Darwin Core Maintenance Group + +Bibliographic citation +: Darwin Core Maintenance Group. 2020. Pathway Controlled Vocabulary List of Terms. Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG). + + +## 1 Introduction + +This document includes terms intended to be used as a controlled value for Darwin Core terms with local name `pathway`. For details and rationale, see Groom et al. 2019. Improving Darwin Core for research and management of alien species. + +### 1.1 Status of the content of this document + +In Section 4, the values of the `Term IRI`, `Definition`, and `Controlled value` are normative. The value of `Usage` (if it exists for a given term) is normative. The value of `Has broader concept` is normative. The values of `Term Name` are non-normative, although one can expect that the namespace abbreviation prefix is one commonly used for the term namespace. `Label` and the values of all other properties (such as `Notes`) are non-normative. + +### 1.2 RFC 2119 key words +The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC 2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119). + +## 2 Use of Terms + +Due to the requirements of [Section 1.4.3 of the Darwin Core RDF Guide](https://dwc.tdwg.org/rdf/#143-use-of-darwin-core-terms-in-rdf-normative), term IRIs MUST be used as values of `dwciri:pathway`. Controlled value strings MUST be used as values of `dwc:pathway`. + +## 3 Term index + + +[agriculture (including biofuel feedstocks)](#dwcpw_p009) | +[angling/fishing equipment](#dwcpw_p031) | +[aquaculture/mariculture](#dwcpw_p010) | +[biological control](#dwcpw_p001) | +[botanic garden/zoo/aquaria (excluding domestic aquaria)](#dwcpw_p011) | +[conservation or wildlife management](#dwcpw_p006) | +[container/bulk](#dwcpw_p032) | +[contaminant nursery material](#dwcpw_p021) | +[contaminant on animals (except parasites, organisms transported by host/vector)](#dwcpw_p024) | +[contaminant on plants (except parasites, species transported by host/vector)](#dwcpw_p026) | +[contaminated bait](#dwcpw_p022) | +[corridor](#dwcpw_p049) | +[corridor and dispersal](#dwcpw_p053) | +[erosion control](#dwcpw_p002) | +[escape from confinement](#dwcpw_p046) | +[farmed animals (including animals left under limited control)](#dwcpw_p013) | +[fishery in the wild](#dwcpw_p003) | +[food contaminant (including of live food)](#dwcpw_p023) | +[forestry (including reforestation)](#dwcpw_p014) | +[fur farms](#dwcpw_p015) | +[hitchhikers in or on airplane](#dwcpw_p033) | +[hitchhikers on ship/boat (excluding ballast water and hull fouling)](#dwcpw_p034) | +[horticulture](#dwcpw_p016) | +[hunting](#dwcpw_p004) | +[intentional](#dwcpw_p051) | +[interconnected waterways/basins/seas](#dwcpw_p042) | +[landscape improvement](#dwcpw_p005) | +[live food and live bait](#dwcpw_p019) | +[machinery/equipment](#dwcpw_p035) | +[natural dispersal across borders of invasive alien organisms](#dwcpw_p044) | +[organic packing material, in particular wood packaging](#dwcpw_p037) | +[ornamental purpose other than horticulture](#dwcpw_p017) | +[other escape from confinement](#dwcpw_p020) | +[other intentional release](#dwcpw_p008) | +[other means of transport](#dwcpw_p041) | +[parasites on animals (including organisms transported by host and vector)](#dwcpw_p025) | +[parasites on plants (including species transported by host and vector)](#dwcpw_p027) | +[pathway concept scheme](#dwcpw_p) | +[people and their luggage/equipment (in particular tourism)](#dwcpw_p036) | +[pet/aquarium/terrarium species (including live food for such species )](#dwcpw_p012) | +[release in nature](#dwcpw_p045) | +[released for use](#dwcpw_p007) | +[research and ex-situ breeding (in facilities)](#dwcpw_p018) | +[seed contaminant](#dwcpw_p028) | +[ship/boat ballast water](#dwcpw_p038) | +[ship/boat hull fouling](#dwcpw_p039) | +[timber trade](#dwcpw_p029) | +[transport-contaminant](#dwcpw_p047) | +[transport-stowaway](#dwcpw_p048) | +[transportation of habitat material (soil, vegetation, wood etc)](#dwcpw_p030) | +[tunnels and land bridges](#dwcpw_p043) | +[unaided](#dwcpw_p050) | +[unintentional](#dwcpw_p052) | +[vehicles (car, train, etc.)](#dwcpw_p040) + +## 4 Vocabulary + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p-2020-10-13
Labelpathway concept scheme
DefinitionA SKOS Concept Scheme to be used as a controlled vocabulary for the Darwin Core terms dwc:pathway and dwciri:pathway
Typehttp://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#ConceptScheme
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p001
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p001
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p001-2020-10-13
Labelbiological control
DefinitionOrganisms occuring in an area because they were introduced for the purpose of biological control of another organism.
NotesReleased intentionally into the (semi)natural environment with the purpose of controlling the population(s) of one or more organisms. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuebiologicalControl
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p045
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p002
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p002
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p002-2020-10-13
Labelerosion control
DefinitionOrganisms introduced for the purpose of erosion control/dune stabilization (windbreaks, hedges, etc).
NotesProbably only applicable only to plants. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueerosionControl
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p045
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p003
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p003
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p003-2020-10-13
Labelfishery in the wild
DefinitionFish stocked into the wild either to create a fishery or for recreational angling.
NotesLargely applicable to freshwater and anadromous fish. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuefisheryInTheWild
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p045
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p004
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p004
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p004-2020-10-13
Labelhunting
DefinitionAnimals stocked into the wild specifically with the intention that they would be hunted for sport.
NotesLargely applicable to terrestrial vertebrates. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuehunting
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p045
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p005
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p005
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p005-2020-10-13
Labellandscape improvement
DefinitionLandscape/flora/fauna "improvement" in the wild.
Notes"Improvement" in this context is intended for introductions for the purpose of aesthetic enhancement of the landscape, as opposed to practical introductions for the purpose of erosion control, agriculture, forestry etc. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuelandscapeImprovement
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p045
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p006
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p006
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p006-2020-10-13
Labelconservation or wildlife management
DefinitionOrganisms introduced for conservation purposes or wildlife management.
NotesThe organism was released with the intention of improving its conservation status of the species or the conservation status other species in the habitat. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueconservationOrWildlifeManagement
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p045
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p007
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p007
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p007-2020-10-13
Labelreleased for use
DefinitionRelease in nature for use (other than above, e.g., fur, transport, medical use).
NotesThis term refers to organisms intentionally and directly released into the wild to serve a specific purpose. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuereleasedForUse
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p045
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p008
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p008
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p008-2020-10-13
Labelother intentional release
DefinitionA catch-all for intentional releases not for human use that are not covered by other more specific terms.
NotesCompare with "other escape from confinement". See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueotherIntentionalRelease
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p045
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p009
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p009
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p009-2020-10-13
Labelagriculture (including biofuel feedstocks)
DefinitionPlants grown with then intention of harvesting.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueagriculture
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p010
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p010
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p010-2020-10-13
Labelaquaculture/mariculture
DefinitionThe analog of agriculture and farmed animals, specifically related to aquatic organisms.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueaquacultureMariculture
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p011
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p011
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p011-2020-10-13
Labelbotanic garden/zoo/aquaria (excluding domestic aquaria)
DefinitionOrganisms in public collections of plants and/or animals.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuepublisGardenZooAquaria
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p012
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p012
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p012-2020-10-13
Labelpet/aquarium/terrarium species (including live food for such species )
DefinitionPrivately kept animals.
UsageAnimals kept for hunting, such as falcons and ferrets SHOULD be included here, not under the hunting term
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuepet
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p013
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p013
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p013-2020-10-13
Labelfarmed animals (including animals left under limited control)
DefinitionAnimals cared for and bred with the specific intention of using their products, such as meat and milk.
NotesFarmed animals are generally kept in a defined area, such as a fields. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuefarmedAnimals
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p014
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p014
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p014-2020-10-13
Labelforestry (including reforestation)
DefinitionTrees specifically introduced to provide timber and other forestry products.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueforestry
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p015
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p015
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p015-2020-10-13
Labelfur farms
DefinitionOrganisms escaped from a fur farms, including unauthorised releases.
NotesProbably only applicable to vertebrates raised for their pelts and skins. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuefur
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p016
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p016
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p016-2020-10-13
Labelhorticulture
DefinitionPlants distributed by the ornamental and decorative plants industry.
UsageThis term excludes plants and other organisms from aquaria and terrariums from the aquarium and terrarium trade which SHOULD be classified under the pet/aquarium/terrarium term.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuehorticulture
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p017
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p017
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p017-2020-10-13
Labelornamental purpose other than horticulture
DefinitionOrnamental plants introduced through pathways other than the horticultural industry.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueornamentalNonHorticulture
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p018
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p018
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p018-2020-10-13
Labelresearch and ex-situ breeding (in facilities)
DefinitionPlants and animals introduced for the purpose of breeding, scientific and medical research, including science education.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueresearch
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p019
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p019
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p019-2020-10-13
Labellive food and live bait
DefinitionLive food imported for human consumption, such as shellfish and snails, and for live bait.
NotesLive food, such as mealworms, for the organisms kept as pets should be classified under the pet term. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueliveFoodLiveBait
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p020
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p020
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p020-2020-10-13
Labelother escape from confinement
DefinitionOrganisms brought into an area with the intention of keeping them in captivity permanently, but that have subsequently escaped.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueotherEscape
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p046
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p021
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p021
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p021-2020-10-13
Labelcontaminant nursery material
DefinitionOrganisms transported into an area together with plant material.
NotesThese may be other plants, diseases, fungi and animals. They may be attached to the plant or within the soil. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuecontaminantNursery
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p047
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p022
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p022
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p022-2020-10-13
Labelcontaminated bait
DefinitionContaminants, pathogens and parasites transported with live, frozen or preserved bait used to catch fish or other organisms.
NotesTypical examples include crustaceans, cephalopods and molluscs. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuecontaminateBait
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p047
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p023
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p023
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p023-2020-10-13
Labelfood contaminant (including of live food)
DefinitionFoods for human consumption, whether they are transported life or dead.
NotesThis term includes unintentional introduction of contaminants such as diseases on those foods and in the case of plants, should include seeds. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuefoodContaminant
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p047
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p024
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p024
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p024-2020-10-13
Labelcontaminant on animals (except parasites, organisms transported by host/vector)
DefinitionContaminants carried either on or in the body of transported animals.
UsageThis term excludes parasites and pathogens, which SHOULD be classified under their own specific term ("parasites on animals").
NotesTransported animals carry other organisms in their coat, on thier gut and in soil on their hooves and feet. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuecontaminantOnAnimals
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p047
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p025
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p025
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p025-2020-10-13
Labelparasites on animals (including organisms transported by host and vector)
DefinitionParasitic and pathogenic organisms transported with their host or vector animal.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueparasitesOnAnimals
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p047
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p026
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p026
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p026-2020-10-13
Labelcontaminant on plants (except parasites, species transported by host/vector)
DefinitionOrganisms transported on plant material.
UsageThis term excludes organisms carried on contaminant nursery material, seed contaminants, and the timber trade, which SHOULD be classified under their own pathway terms.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuecontaminantOnPlants
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p047
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p027
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p027
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p027-2020-10-13
Labelparasites on plants (including species transported by host and vector)
DefinitionParasitic and pathogenic organisms transported with their host or vector plant.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueparasitesOnPlants
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p047
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p028
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p028
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p028-2020-10-13
Labelseed contaminant
DefinitionOrganisms contaminating transported seeds.
NotesThese may be parasites or pathogens of the seeds, seeds of other species not intended to be transported, or species that eat seeds. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueseedContaminant
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p047
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p029
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p029
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p029-2020-10-13
Labeltimber trade
DefinitionContaminants on unprocessed timber, processed wood and wood derived products.
UsageThis term excludes packing material and habitat material made from wood that SHOULD be included under their own terms ("packing material" and "transportation of habitat material").
NotesExamples include wooden furniture, saw dust and fire wood. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuetimberTrade
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p047
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p030
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p030
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p030-2020-10-13
Labeltransportation of habitat material (soil, vegetation, wood etc)
DefinitionOrganisms transported with their habitat material to a new location.
NotesExamples include materials such as soil, vegetation, straw and wood chips. Unless these materials are sterilised the organisms can be transported with their habitat to a new location. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuetransportationHabitatMaterial
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p047
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p031
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p031
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p031-2020-10-13
Labelangling/fishing equipment
DefinitionAquatic organisms moved between sites on equipment of recreational anglers and professional fishermen.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuefishingEquipment
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p032
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p032
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p032-2020-10-13
Labelcontainer/bulk
DefinitionStowaways transported in or on the cargo containers or bulk cargo units themselves.
NotesThe difference between this category and others, such as "hitchhikers on ship/boat", is that the organism embarked and disembarked from the container itself rather than the ship. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuecontainerBulk
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p033
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p033
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p033-2020-10-13
Labelhitchhikers in or on airplane
DefinitionOrganisms that enter airplanes or other aircraft, such as helicopters, and are transported by them to another location.
NotesThis term does not apply to organisms that embarked onto containers that were subsequently loaded on to an aircraft. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuehitchhikersAirplane
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p034
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p034
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p034-2020-10-13
Labelhitchhikers on ship/boat (excluding ballast water and hull fouling)
DefinitionOrganisms that enter directly onto boats or ships and are transported by them to another location.
NotesThis term does not apply to organisms that embarked containers that are subsequently loaded on the ship, nor to contaminents of products loaded on the ship. The term is intended for organisms that directly interact with the boat or ship. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuehitchhikersShip
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p035
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p035
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p035-2020-10-13
Labelmachinery/equipment
DefinitionOrganisms carried on the surfaces of or within heavy machinery and equipment.
NotesThis includes military equipment, farm machinery and manufacturing equipment. This term does not include products carried by vehicles. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuemachineryEquipment
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p036
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p036
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p036-2020-10-13
Labelpeople and their luggage/equipment (in particular tourism)
DefinitionOrganisms transported on people themselves and/or their personal luggage.
UsageThis term excludes recreational angling equipment, which SHOULD be classified under its own term ("angling/fishing equipment").
NotesExamples include organisms transported by tourists. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuepeople
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p037
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p037
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p037-2020-10-13
Labelorganic packing material, in particular wood packaging
DefinitionOrganic material, particularly unprocessed plant material that is used to pack transported goods.
NotesExamples include woodern pallets, boxes, bags and baskets. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuepackingMaterial
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p038
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p038
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p038-2020-10-13
Labelship/boat ballast water
DefinitionOrganisms transported within the water pumped into boats and ships to provide ballast.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueballastWater
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p039
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p039
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p039-2020-10-13
Labelship/boat hull fouling
DefinitionOrganisms that attach themselves to the subsurface hull of boats and ships.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuehullFouling
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p040
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p040
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p040-2020-10-13
Labelvehicles (car, train, etc.)
DefinitionOther vehicle hitchhikers that have been unintentionally dispersed, but are not covered by other terms.
NotesThese organisms may be carried on or within the vehicle. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuevehicles
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p041
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p041
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p041-2020-10-13
Labelother means of transport
DefinitionA catchall term for any transport related dispersal that is not covered in other terms.
NotesExamples include the movement of offshore installations, such as drilling platforms, but also pipeline and cable transport. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueotherTransport
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p048
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p042
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p042
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p042-2020-10-13
Labelinterconnected waterways/basins/seas
DefinitionOrganisms that dispersed through artificial waterways created to connect previosuly unconnected water bodies.
UsageOrganisms transported along these corridors in ballast, on as hull fouling SHOULD be categorised under the "ship/boat ballast water" or "ship/boat hull fouling" terms.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuewaterwaysBasinsSeas
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p049
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p043
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p043
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p043-2020-10-13
Labeltunnels and land bridges
DefinitionUnintentional dispersal by organisms using artificial tunnels, bridges, roads and railways.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuetunnelsBridges
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p049
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p044
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p044
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p044-2020-10-13
Labelnatural dispersal across borders of invasive alien organisms
DefinitionDispersal of organisms to new regions by natural dispersal from regions in which they are alien.
NotesThese are alien species that have previously been introduced through one of these pathways: release in nature, excape from confinement, transport-contaminant, transport-stowaway, or corridor. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuenaturalDispersal
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p050
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p045
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p045
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p045-2020-10-13
Labelrelease in nature
DefinitionOrganisms transported and released by humans in a (semi)natural environment with the intention that they should live their without further human aid.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuereleaseInNature
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p051
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p046
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p046
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p046-2020-10-13
Labelescape from confinement
DefinitionOrganisms intentionally transported by humans and intended to be kept in captivity or cultivation, but having inadvertently escaped from human control.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueescapeFromConfinement
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p051
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p047
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p047
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p047-2020-10-13
Labeltransport-contaminant
DefinitionAn umbrella term for all species transported as contaninents in other products.
NotesAn alien species is a contaminant if it had a trophic or biotic relationship to organisms or items being transported and was to some extent dependent on them for survival. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuetransportContaminant
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p052
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p048
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p048
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p048-2020-10-13
Labeltransport-stowaway
DefinitionAn umbrella term for all species transported by riding on forms of transport where the organism has a direct interation with the transport and is not merely carried as part of, or a contaminent of cargo.
NotesA stowaway has no trophic or biotic relationship to the organisms or items being transported. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuetransportStowaway
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p052
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p049
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p049
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p049-2020-10-13
Labelcorridor
DefinitionInfrastructure, such as bridges, tunnels and canals have removed natural barriers to dispersal and allowed a species to move into a novel location.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuecorridor
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p053
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p050
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p050
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p050-2020-10-13
Labelunaided
DefinitionOrganisms that spread by natural dispersal, without action or assistance by humans, from regions in which they are also alien.
NotesThe term refers to secondary dispersal from an area where the taxon is also alien. See also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueunaided
Has broader conceptdwcpw:p053
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p051
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p051
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p051-2020-10-13
Labelintentional
DefinitionOrganisms were brought to new area with the specific intention of keeping them alive in the new region, regardless of whether they were intended to be cultivated or released into the wild.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueintentional
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p052
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p052
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p052-2020-10-13
Labelunintentional
DefinitionThe organism was unintentionally brought to a new region.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valueunintentional
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Term Name dwcpw:p053
Term IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/p053
Modified2020-10-13
Term version IRIhttp://rs.tdwg.org/dwcpw/values/version/p053-2020-10-13
Labelcorridor and dispersal
DefinitionOrganisms dispersed naturally, even if that dispersal was aided by changes in the landscape created by humans.
NotesSee also Harrower et al. 2017 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519129
Controlled valuecorridorAndDispersal
TypeConcept
Executive Committee decisionhttp://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2020-10-13_22
+ +