mirror of https://github.com/tdwg/dwc.git
Final touches to prepare for the 2023-06-28 release.
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# Darwin Core Quick Reference Guide
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This document is intended to be an easy-to-read reference of the currently (as of 2021-07-15) recommended terms maintained as part of the [Darwin Core standard](https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/) and is maintained by the [Darwin Core Maintenance Group](https://www.tdwg.org/community/dwc/).
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This document is intended to be an easy-to-read reference of the currently (as of 2023-06-28) recommended terms maintained as part of the [Darwin Core standard](https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/) and is maintained by the [Darwin Core Maintenance Group](https://www.tdwg.org/community/dwc/).
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This page is not part of the standard, but combines the normative term names and definitions with the non-normative comments and examples that are meant to help people to use the terms consistently. Capitalized terms, such as Occurrence, are Darwin Core classes, which are special category terms used to group sets of terms for convenience. Comprehensive metadata for current and obsolete terms in human readable form are found in the document [List of Darwin Core terms](../list/).
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This page is not part of the standard, but combines the normative term names and definitions with the non-normative comments and examples that are meant to help people to use the terms consistently. Definitions, comments, and examples may include namespace abbreviations (e.g., "dwc:"). These are included to show that the meaning for the word it is attached to very specifically means the term as defined in that namespace. Thus, dwc:Event means Event as defined by Darwin Core at https://dwc.tdwg.org/terms/#event. Capitalized terms that follow a namespace abbreviation, such as dwc:Occurrence, are Darwin Core class terms, which are a special category of terms used to group sets of property terms (terms that being with lower case names that follow the namespace abbreviation, e.g., dwc:eventID) for convenience. Comprehensive metadata for current and obsolete terms in human readable form are found in the document [List of Darwin Core terms](../list/).
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Additional [files with just the current term names](https://github.com/tdwg/dwc/tree/master/dist) and a [file with the full term history](https://github.com/tdwg/dwc/blob/master/vocabulary/term_versions.csv) can be found in the [Darwin Core repository](https://github.com/tdwg/dwc).
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type,modified,language,license,rightsHolder,accessRights,bibliographicCitation,references,institutionID,collectionID,datasetID,institutionCode,collectionCode,datasetName,ownerInstitutionCode,basisOfRecord,informationWithheld,dataGeneralizations,dynamicProperties,occurrenceID,catalogNumber,recordNumber,recordedBy,recordedByID,individualCount,organismQuantity,organismQuantityType,sex,lifeStage,reproductiveCondition,caste,behavior,vitality,establishmentMeans,degreeOfEstablishment,pathway,georeferenceVerificationStatus,occurrenceStatus,preparations,disposition,associatedMedia,associatedOccurrences,associatedReferences,associatedSequences,associatedTaxa,otherCatalogNumbers,occurrenceRemarks,organismID,organismName,organismScope,associatedOrganisms,previousIdentifications,organismRemarks,materialSampleID,verbatimLabel,eventType,eventID,parentEventID,fieldNumber,eventDate,eventTime,startDayOfYear,endDayOfYear,year,month,day,verbatimEventDate,habitat,samplingProtocol,sampleSizeValue,sampleSizeUnit,samplingEffort,fieldNotes,eventRemarks,locationID,higherGeographyID,higherGeography,continent,waterBody,islandGroup,island,country,countryCode,stateProvince,county,municipality,locality,verbatimLocality,minimumElevationInMeters,maximumElevationInMeters,verbatimElevation,verticalDatum,minimumDepthInMeters,maximumDepthInMeters,verbatimDepth,minimumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters,maximumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters,locationAccordingTo,locationRemarks,decimalLatitude,decimalLongitude,geodeticDatum,coordinateUncertaintyInMeters,coordinatePrecision,pointRadiusSpatialFit,verbatimCoordinates,verbatimLatitude,verbatimLongitude,verbatimCoordinateSystem,verbatimSRS,footprintWKT,footprintSRS,footprintSpatialFit,georeferencedBy,georeferencedDate,georeferenceProtocol,georeferenceSources,georeferenceRemarks,geologicalContextID,earliestEonOrLowestEonothem,latestEonOrHighestEonothem,earliestEraOrLowestErathem,latestEraOrHighestErathem,earliestPeriodOrLowestSystem,latestPeriodOrHighestSystem,earliestEpochOrLowestSeries,latestEpochOrHighestSeries,earliestAgeOrLowestStage,latestAgeOrHighestStage,lowestBiostratigraphicZone,highestBiostratigraphicZone,lithostratigraphicTerms,group,formation,member,bed,identificationID,verbatimIdentification,identificationQualifier,typeStatus,identifiedBy,identifiedByID,dateIdentified,identificationReferences,identificationVerificationStatus,identificationRemarks,taxonID,scientificNameID,acceptedNameUsageID,parentNameUsageID,originalNameUsageID,nameAccordingToID,namePublishedInID,taxonConceptID,scientificName,acceptedNameUsage,parentNameUsage,originalNameUsage,nameAccordingTo,namePublishedIn,namePublishedInYear,higherClassification,kingdom,phylum,class,order,superfamily,family,subfamily,tribe,subtribe,genus,genericName,subgenus,infragenericEpithet,specificEpithet,infraspecificEpithet,cultivarEpithet,taxonRank,verbatimTaxonRank,scientificNameAuthorship,vernacularName,nomenclaturalCode,taxonomicStatus,nomenclaturalStatus,taxonRemarks
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type,modified,language,license,rightsHolder,accessRights,bibliographicCitation,references,institutionID,collectionID,datasetID,institutionCode,collectionCode,datasetName,ownerInstitutionCode,basisOfRecord,informationWithheld,dataGeneralizations,dynamicProperties,occurrenceID,catalogNumber,recordNumber,recordedBy,recordedByID,individualCount,organismQuantity,organismQuantityType,sex,lifeStage,reproductiveCondition,caste,behavior,vitality,establishmentMeans,degreeOfEstablishment,pathway,georeferenceVerificationStatus,occurrenceStatus,preparations,disposition,associatedMedia,associatedOccurrences,associatedReferences,associatedSequences,associatedTaxa,otherCatalogNumbers,occurrenceRemarks,organismID,organismName,organismScope,associatedOrganisms,previousIdentifications,organismRemarks,materialSampleID,verbatimLabel,eventID,parentEventID,eventType,fieldNumber,eventDate,eventTime,startDayOfYear,endDayOfYear,year,month,day,verbatimEventDate,habitat,samplingProtocol,sampleSizeValue,sampleSizeUnit,samplingEffort,fieldNotes,eventRemarks,locationID,higherGeographyID,higherGeography,continent,waterBody,islandGroup,island,country,countryCode,stateProvince,county,municipality,locality,verbatimLocality,minimumElevationInMeters,maximumElevationInMeters,verbatimElevation,verticalDatum,minimumDepthInMeters,maximumDepthInMeters,verbatimDepth,minimumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters,maximumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters,locationAccordingTo,locationRemarks,decimalLatitude,decimalLongitude,geodeticDatum,coordinateUncertaintyInMeters,coordinatePrecision,pointRadiusSpatialFit,verbatimCoordinates,verbatimLatitude,verbatimLongitude,verbatimCoordinateSystem,verbatimSRS,footprintWKT,footprintSRS,footprintSpatialFit,georeferencedBy,georeferencedDate,georeferenceProtocol,georeferenceSources,georeferenceRemarks,geologicalContextID,earliestEonOrLowestEonothem,latestEonOrHighestEonothem,earliestEraOrLowestErathem,latestEraOrHighestErathem,earliestPeriodOrLowestSystem,latestPeriodOrHighestSystem,earliestEpochOrLowestSeries,latestEpochOrHighestSeries,earliestAgeOrLowestStage,latestAgeOrHighestStage,lowestBiostratigraphicZone,highestBiostratigraphicZone,lithostratigraphicTerms,group,formation,member,bed,identificationID,verbatimIdentification,identificationQualifier,typeStatus,identifiedBy,identifiedByID,dateIdentified,identificationReferences,identificationVerificationStatus,identificationRemarks,taxonID,scientificNameID,acceptedNameUsageID,parentNameUsageID,originalNameUsageID,nameAccordingToID,namePublishedInID,taxonConceptID,scientificName,acceptedNameUsage,parentNameUsage,originalNameUsage,nameAccordingTo,namePublishedIn,namePublishedInYear,higherClassification,kingdom,phylum,class,order,superfamily,family,subfamily,tribe,subtribe,genus,genericName,subgenus,infragenericEpithet,specificEpithet,infraspecificEpithet,cultivarEpithet,taxonRank,verbatimTaxonRank,scientificNameAuthorship,vernacularName,nomenclaturalCode,taxonomicStatus,nomenclaturalStatus,taxonRemarks
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organismRemarks
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materialSampleID
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verbatimLabel
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eventType
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eventID
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parentEventID
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eventType
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fieldNumber
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eventDate
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eventTime
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# Darwin Core Quick Reference Guide
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This document is intended to be an easy-to-read reference of the currently (as of 2021-07-15) recommended terms maintained as part of the [Darwin Core standard](https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/) and is maintained by the [Darwin Core Maintenance Group](https://www.tdwg.org/community/dwc/).
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This document is intended to be an easy-to-read reference of the currently (as of 2023-06-28) recommended terms maintained as part of the [Darwin Core standard](https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/) and is maintained by the [Darwin Core Maintenance Group](https://www.tdwg.org/community/dwc/).
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This page is not part of the standard, but combines the normative term names and definitions with the non-normative comments and examples that are meant to help people to use the terms consistently. Capitalized terms, such as Occurrence, are Darwin Core classes, which are special category terms used to group sets of terms for convenience. Comprehensive metadata for current and obsolete terms in human readable form are found in the document [List of Darwin Core terms](../list/).
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This page is not part of the standard, but combines the normative term names and definitions with the non-normative comments and examples that are meant to help people to use the terms consistently. Definitions, comments, and examples may include namespace abbreviations (e.g., "dwc:"). These are included to show that the meaning for the word it is attached to very specifically means the term as defined in that namespace. Thus, dwc:Event means Event as defined by Darwin Core at https://dwc.tdwg.org/terms/#event. Capitalized terms that follow a namespace abbreviation, such as dwc:Occurrence, are Darwin Core class terms, which are a special category of terms used to group sets of property terms (terms that being with lower case names that follow the namespace abbreviation, e.g., dwc:eventID) for convenience. Comprehensive metadata for current and obsolete terms in human readable form are found in the document [List of Darwin Core terms](../list/).
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Additional [files with just the current term names](https://github.com/tdwg/dwc/tree/master/dist) and a [file with the full term history](https://github.com/tdwg/dwc/blob/master/vocabulary/term_versions.csv) can be found in the [Darwin Core repository](https://github.com/tdwg/dwc).
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## Event
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<div class="my-4">
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<a class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary m-1" href="#dwc:eventType">eventType</a>
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<a class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary m-1" href="#dwc:eventID">eventID</a>
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<a class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary m-1" href="#dwc:parentEventID">parentEventID</a>
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<a class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary m-1" href="#dwc:eventType">eventType</a>
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<a class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary m-1" href="#dwc:fieldNumber">fieldNumber</a>
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<a class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary m-1" href="#dwc:eventDate">eventDate</a>
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<a class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary m-1" href="#dwc:eventTime">eventTime</a>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<p class="invisible">
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<span id="dwc:eventType"></span>
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<span id="eventType"></span>
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</p>
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<table class="table">
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<tbody>
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<tr class="table-secondary"><th colspan="2">eventType</th></tr>
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<tr><td>Identifier</td><td><a href="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventType">http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventType</a></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Definition</td><td>The nature of the dwc:Event.</td></tr>
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<tr><td>Comments</td><td>Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. Regardless of the dwc:eventType, the interval of the dwc:Event can be captured in dwc:eventDate.</td></tr>
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<tr><td>Examples</td><td><ul class="list-group list-group-flush"><li class="list-group-item"><code>Sample</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Observation</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Site Visit</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Biotic Interaction</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Bioblitz</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Expedition</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Survey</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Project</code></li></ul></td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<p class="invisible">
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<span id="dwc:eventID"></span>
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<span id="eventID"></span>
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<tr><td>Examples</td><td><code>A1</code> (parentEventID to identify the main Whittaker Plot in nested samples, each with its own eventID - <code>A1:1</code>, <code>A1:2</code>).</td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<p class="invisible">
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<span id="dwc:eventType"></span>
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<span id="eventType"></span>
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</p>
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<table class="table">
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<tbody>
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<tr class="table-secondary"><th colspan="2">eventType</th></tr>
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<tr><td>Identifier</td><td><a href="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventType">http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventType</a></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Definition</td><td>The nature of the dwc:Event.</td></tr>
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<tr><td>Comments</td><td>Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. Regardless of the dwc:eventType, the interval of the dwc:Event can be captured in dwc:eventDate.</td></tr>
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<tr><td>Examples</td><td><ul class="list-group list-group-flush"><li class="list-group-item"><code>Sample</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Observation</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Site Visit</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Biotic Interaction</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Bioblitz</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Expedition</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Survey</code></li><li class="list-group-item"><code>Project</code></li></ul></td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<p class="invisible">
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<span id="dwc:fieldNumber"></span>
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<span id="fieldNumber"></span>
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@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/MaterialSample-2018-09-06,MaterialSample,Ma
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http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/materialSampleID-2023-06-28,materialSampleID,Material Sample ID,"An identifier for the dwc:MaterialSample (as opposed to a particular digital record of the dwc:MaterialSample). In the absence of a persistent global unique identifier, construct one from a combination of identifiers in the record that will most closely make the dwc:materialSampleID globally unique.","Recommended best practice is to use a persistent, globally unique identifier.",`06809dc5-f143-459a-be1a-6f03e63fc083`,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/MaterialSample,2023-06-28,recommended,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/materialSampleID-2020-10-28,http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/materialSampleID,not in ABCD,simple
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http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/verbatimLabel-2023-06-28,verbatimLabel,Verbatim Label,"A serialized encoding intended to represent the literal, i.e., character by character, textual content of a label affixed on, near, or explicitly associated with a material entity, free from interpretation, translation, or transliteration.","The content of this term should include no embellishments, prefixes, headers or other additions made to the text. Abbreviations must not be expanded and supposed misspellings must not be corrected. Lines or breakpoints between blocks of text that could be verified by seeing the original labels or images of them may be used. Examples of material entities include preserved specimens, fossil specimens, and material samples. Best practice is to use UTF-8 for all characters. Best practice is to add comment “verbatimLabel derived from human transcription” in dwc:occurrenceRemarks.",Examples can be found at https://dwc.tdwg.org/examples/verbatimLabel.,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/MaterialSample,2023-06-28,recommended,,http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/verbatimLabel,Marks/Mark/MarkText,simple
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http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/Event-2018-09-06,Event,Event,An action that occurs at some location during some time.,,A specimen collection process. A camera trap image capture. A marine trawl.,,2018-09-06,recommended,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/Event-2014-10-23,http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event,DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering,extension
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http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventType-2023-06-28,eventType,Event Type,The nature of the dwc:Event.,"Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. Regardless of the dwc:eventType, the interval of the dwc:Event can be captured in dwc:eventDate.",`Sample`; `Observation`; `Site Visit`; `Biotic Interaction`; `Bioblitz`; `Expedition`; `Survey`; `Project`,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event,2023-06-28,recommended,,http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventType,not in ABCD,simple
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http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventID-2023-06-28,eventID,Event ID,An identifier for the set of information associated with a dwc:Event (something that occurs at a place and time). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.,,`INBO:VIS:Ev:00009375`,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event,2023-06-28,recommended,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventID-2017-10-06,http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventID,DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Code,simple
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http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/parentEventID-2023-06-28,parentEventID,Parent Event ID,An identifier for the broader dwc:Event that groups this and potentially other dwc:Events.,Use a globally unique identifier for a dwc:Event or an identifier for a dwc:Event that is specific to the data set.,"`A1` (parentEventID to identify the main Whittaker Plot in nested samples, each with its own eventID - `A1:1`, `A1:2`).",http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event,2023-06-28,recommended,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/parentEventID-2017-10-06,http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/parentEventID,not in ABCD,simple
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http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventType-2023-06-28,eventType,Event Type,The nature of the dwc:Event.,"Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. Regardless of the dwc:eventType, the interval of the dwc:Event can be captured in dwc:eventDate.",`Sample`; `Observation`; `Site Visit`; `Biotic Interaction`; `Bioblitz`; `Expedition`; `Survey`; `Project`,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event,2023-06-28,recommended,,http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventType,not in ABCD,simple
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http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/fieldNumber-2023-06-28,fieldNumber,Field Number,An identifier given to the dwc:Event in the field. Often serves as a link between field notes and the dwc:Event.,,`RV Sol 87-03-08`,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event,2023-06-28,recommended,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/fieldNumber-2017-10-06,http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/fieldNumber,DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Code,simple
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http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventDate-2023-06-28,eventDate,Event Date,"The date-time or interval during which a dwc:Event occurred. For occurrences, this is the date-time when the dwc:Event was recorded. Not suitable for a time in a geological context.",Recommended best practice is to use a date that conforms to ISO 8601-1:2019.,`1963-03-08T14:07-0600` (8 Mar 1963 at 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC); `2009-02-20T08:40Z` (20 February 2009 8:40am UTC); `2018-08-29T15:19` (3:19pm local time on 29 August 2018); `1809-02-12` (some time during 12 February 1809); `1906-06` (some time in June 1906); `1971` (some time in the year 1971); `2007-03-01T13:00:00Z/2008-05-11T15:30:00Z` (some time during the interval between 1 March 2007 1pm UTC and 11 May 2008 3:30pm UTC); `1900/1909` (some time during the interval between the beginning of the year 1900 and the end of the year 1909); `2007-11-13/15` (some time in the interval between 13 November 2007 and 15 November 2007),http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event,2023-06-28,recommended,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventDate-2020-08-12,http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventDate,accessible from DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeBegin and DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeEnd,simple
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http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventTime-2023-06-28,eventTime,Event Time,The time or interval during which a dwc:Event occurred.,Recommended best practice is to use a time of day that conforms to ISO 8601-1:2019.,`14:07-0600` (2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC); `08:40:21Z` (8:40:21am UTC); `13:00:00Z/15:30:00Z` (the interval between 1pm UTC and 3:30pm UTC),http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event,2023-06-28,recommended,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventTime-2020-08-12,http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property,http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventTime,accessible from DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeBegin and DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeEnd,simple
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