Darwin Core Terms Complete History
This is the normative (Type 1) document for the terms in the Darwin Core standard (http://www.tdwg.org/standards/450/). It contains a list of all versions of all Darwin Core terms. To comment on this schema, please create a new issue in http://code.google.com/p/darwincore/issues/
Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG)
Accepted Name Usage
The full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon.
Example: "Tamias minimus" valid name for "Eutamias minimus"
Accepted Name Usage ID
An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon.
Example: "8fa58e08-08de-4ac1-b69c-1235340b7001"
Accepted Scientific Name
The currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) name for the scientificName.
Accepted Scientific Name ID
A unique identifier for the acceptedScientificName.
Accepted Taxon
Accepted Taxon ID
A global unique identifier for the parent to the AcceptedTaxon.
An identifier for the name of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon. See acceptedTaxon.
Accepted Taxon Name
Accepted Taxon Name ID
A unique identifier for the acceptedTaxonName.
Access Constraints
A description of constraints on the use of the data as shared or access to further data that is not shared.
Example: "not-for-profit use only".
According To
Abstract term to attribute information to a source.
Accuracy
Abstract term to capture error information about a measurement or fact.
DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Aspect/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy
Age Class
The age class, reproductive stage, life stage of the biological individual (e.g., juvenile, adult, eft, nymph, etc.).
{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/ZoologicalUnit/PhasesOrStages/PhaseOrStage or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MycologicalUnit/MycologicalLifeStages/MycologicalLifeStage or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MycologicalUnit/MycologicalSexualStage}
Associated Media
A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, global unique identifier, URI) of media associated with the Occurrence.
Example: "http://arctos.database.museum/SpecimenImages/UAMObs/Mamm/2/P7291179.JPG"
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "http://arctos.database.museum/SpecimenImages/UAMObs/Mamm/2/P7291179.JPG", "http://204.140.246.24/Fish/Collection%20Pictures/10118-00.jpg | http://204.140.246.24/Fish/Collection%20Pictures/10118-00a.jpg".
Associated Occurrences
A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers of other Occurrence records and their associations to this Occurrence.
Example: "sibling of FMNH:Mammal:1234; sibling of FMNH:Mammal:1235"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations/UnitAssociation/AssociatedUnitSourceInstitutionCode + DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations/UnitAssociation/AssociatedUnitSourceName + DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations/UnitAssociation/AssociatedUnitID
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | ').
Associated Organisms
A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers of other Organisms and their associations to this Organism.
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "sibling of MXA-232", "mother of MXA-231 | mother of MXA-232"
Associated References
A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, bibliographic reference, global unique identifier, URI) of literature associated with the Occurrence.
Examples: "http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/322/5899/261", "Christopher J. Conroy, Jennifer L. Neuwald. 2008. Phylogeographic study of the California vole, Microtus californicus Journal of Mammalogy, 89(3):755-767."
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/322/5899/261", "Christopher J. Conroy, Jennifer L. Neuwald. 2008. Phylogeographic study of the California vole, Microtus californicus Journal of Mammalogy, 89(3):755-767.", "Steven R. Hoofer and Ronald A. Van Den Bussche. 2001. Phylogenetic Relationships of Plecotine Bats and Allies Based on Mitochondrial Ribosomal Sequences. Journal of Mammalogy 82(1):131-137. | Walker, Faith M., Jeffrey T. Foster, Kevin P. Drees, Carol L. Chambers. 2014. Spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) microsatellite discovery using illumina sequencing. Conservation Genetics Resources.".
Associated Sequences
A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, global unique identifier, URI) of genetic sequence information associated with the Occurrence.
Example: "GenBank: U34853.1"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Sequences/Sequence/ID-in-Database + constant
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/U34853.1", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/GU328060 | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/AF326093".
Associated Taxa
A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers or names of taxa and their associations with the Occurrence.
Example: "host: Quercus alba"
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '), and to separate the relationship from the taxon with a colon (':'). Examples: "host: Quercus alba", "parasitoid of:Cyclocephala signaticollis | predator of Apis mellifera".
Attributes
List of additional measurements or characteristics (concatenated and separated) for which there is no existing semantic element, but which the data provider nevertheless feels the desire to share. Examples: "Tragus length: 14mm; Weight: 120g", "Height: 1-1.5 meters tall; flowers yellow; uncommon".
Author Year of Scientific Name
The author of the ScientificName and the year of publication, if known. More than one author can be listed in a concatenated string. Should be formatted with parentheses and year according to the conventions of the applicable NomenclaturalCode.
{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/ParentheticalAuthorTeamAndYear + DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/AuthorTeamAndYear} or {DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/AuthorTeamParenthesis + DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/AuthorTeam} or {DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/AuthorTeamOriginalAndYear + [= or] DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/AuthorTeamParenthesisAndYear}
Basionym
The basionym (botany) or basonym (bacteriology) of the scientificName.
Example: "Pinus abies"
Basionym ID
A unique identifier for the basionym (botany) or basonym (bacteriology) of the scientificName.
Basis of Record
An abbreviation indicating whether the record represents an observation (O), living organism (L), specimen (S), germplasm/seed (G), etc.
A description indicating whether the record represents an observation, tissue sample, living organism, voucher specimen, germplasm/seed, genetic information, etc.
A descriptive term indicating whether the record represents an object or observation. Examples: PreservedSpecimen- A physical object representing one or more organisms, part of organism, or artifact of an organism. synonyms: voucher, collection, lot. FossilSpecimen- A physical object representing one or more fossil organisms, part of fossil organism, or artifact of a fossil organism. LivingSpecimen- An organism removed from its natural occurrence and now living in captivity or cultivation. HumanObservation- A report by a known observer that an organism was present at the place and time. MachineObservation- A report by a monitoring device that an organism was present at the place and time. StillImage- An photograph, drawing, painting. MovingImage- A sequence of still images taken at regular intervals and intended to be played back as a moving image; may include sound. SoundRecording- An audio recording. OtherSpecimen- Any type of specimen not covered by any of the categories above.
The specific nature of the data record - a subtype of the dcterms:type. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Darwin Core Type Vocabulary (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/type-vocabulary/index.htm).
Examples: "StillImage", "MovingImage", "Sound", "PreservedSpecimen", FossilSpecimen", LivingSpecimen", "HumanObservation", "MachineObservation"
The specific nature of the data record - a subtype of the dcterms:type. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
The specific nature of the data record. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Darwin Core Type Vocabulary (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/type-vocabulary/index.htm).
Examples: "PreservedSpecimen", "FossilSpecimen", "LivingSpecimen", "HumanObservation", "MachineObservation"
The specific nature of the data record.
Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the list of Darwin Core classes. Examples: "PreservedSpecimen", "FossilSpecimen", "LivingSpecimen", "HumanObservation", "MachineObservation"
Bed
The full name of the lithostratigraphic bed from which the cataloged item was collected.
Behavior
A description of the behavior shown by the subject at the time the Occurrence was recorded. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "roosting", "foraging", "running"
Binomial
The combination of genus and first (species) epithet of the scientificName.
Example: "Ctenomys sociabilis"
Bounding Box
This access point provides a mechanism for performing searches using a bounding box. A Bounding Box element is not typically present in the database, but rather is derived from the Latitude and Longitude columns by the data provider
This access point provides a mechanism for performing searches using a bounding box. A Bounding Box element is not typically present in the database, but rather is derived from the DecimalLatitude and DecimalLongitude columns by the data provider.
Catalog Number
A unique alphanumeric value which identifies an individual record within the collection. It is recommended that this value provides a key by which the actual specimen can be identified. If the specimen has several items such as various types of preparation, this value should identify the individual component of the specimen
The alphanumeric value identifying a record within the collection. It is highly recommended that each record be uniquely identified within a collection by this value. It is also recommended that each record be uniquely identified in a global context by the combination of InstitutionCode, CollectionCode and CatalogNumber.
An identifier (preferably unique) for the record within the data set or collection.
Catalog Number Numeric
The CatalogNumber as a numeric value, if applicable. Allows searching on numeric ranges of CatalogNumbers.
The CatalogNumber as a numeric value, if applicable. This element allows searching on numeric ranges of CatalogNumbers. Example: 145732.
The numeric value of the catalogNumber, used to facilitate numerical sorting and searching by ranges.
Catalog Number Text
An alphanumeric value which identifies an individual cataloged item within the collection. It is recommended that this value provides a key by which the individual cataloged item can be identified.
Citation
Indicates how this dataset or record should be attributed if used.
Class
The class name of the organism
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName with HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonRank = classis
The phylogenetic class to which the cataloged item belongs.
The name of the class in which the organism is classified.
The name of the class in which the scientificName is classified.
Example: "Mammalia"
The full scientific name of the class in which the taxon is classified.
Examples: "Mammalia", "Hepaticopsida"
Collection Method
The name of, reference to, or brief description of the method or protocol under which the collecting event occurred. Examples: "UV light trap", "mist net", "bottom trawl".
Collection Code
A unique alphanumeric value which identifies the collection within the institution
A unique alphanumeric value that identifies the collection within the institution in which the item is cataloged. This attribute must contain no spaces.
The code (or acronym) identifying the collection within the institution in which the organism record is cataloged.
The name (or acronym) identifying the collection or data set from which the record was derived.
Examples: "Mammals", "Hildebrandt", "eBird"
The name, acronym, coden, or initialism identifying the collection or data set from which the record was derived.
Collection ID
An identifier for the collection or dataset from which the record was derived. For physical specimens, the recommended best practice is to use the identifier in a collections registry such as the Biodiversity Collections Index (http://www.biodiversitycollectionsindex.org/).
Example: "urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34818"
An identifier for the collection or dataset from which the record was derived.
For physical specimens, the recommended best practice is to use an identifier from a collections registry such as the Global Registry of Biodiversity Repositories (http://grbio.org/). Examples: "http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1001", "http://grbio.org/cool/p5fp-c036".
Collector
The name(s) of the collector(s) responsible for collection the specimen or taking the observation
The name(s) of the collector(s) of the original data for the cataloged item.
The name(s) (concatenated and separated) of collectors or observers. "LIKE" or "contains" substring query operations are meant to be used with this element to find matching collector names. The primary collector or observer, especially one whose CollectorNumber is also provided, should be listed first. Example: "Oliver P. Pearson, Anita K. Pearson" where the value in CollectorNumber "OPP 7101" corresponds to the number for the specimen in the field catalog (collector number) of Oliver P. Pearson.
Collector Number
An identifying "number" (really a string) applied to specimens (in some disciplines) at the time of collection. Establishes a links different parts/preparations of a single specimen and between field notes and the specimen.
An identifying string applied to the cataloged item at the time of collection. Serves as a link between field notes and the cataloged items.
An identifying string applied to the object or observation at the time of collection. Serves as a link between field notes and the object or observation.
Continent
The full, unabbreviated name of the continent on which the organism was collected or observed.
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= Continent
The name of the continent in which the Location occurs. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
Examples: "Africa", "Antarctica", "Asia", "Europe", "North America", "Oceania", "South America"
Continent Ocean
The continent or ocean from which a specimen was collected.
The full, unabbreviated name of the continent or ocean from which the cataloged item was collected.
Coordinate Precision
An estimate of how tightly the collecting locality was specified; expressed as a distance, in meters, that corresponds to a radius around the latitude-longitude coordinates. Use NULL where precision is unknown, cannot be estimated, or is not applicable.
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLong/ISOAccuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLong/AccuracyStatement
A decimal representation of the precision of the coordinates given in the decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude.
Examples: "0.00001" (normal GPS limit for decimal degrees), "0.000278" (nearest second), "0.01667" (nearest minute), "1.0" (nearest degree)
Coordinate Uncertainty In Meters
The upper limit of the distance (in meters) from the given latitude and longitude describing a circle within which the whole of the described locality must lie. Use NULL where the uncertainty is unknown, cannot be estimated, or is not applicable.
The upper limit of the distance (in meters) from the given DecimalLatitude and DecimalLongitude describing a circle within which the whole of the described locality lies. Leave the value empty if the uncertainty is unknown, cannot be estimated, or is not applicable (because there are no coordinates). Describes the point-radius representation of the location, along with DecimalLatitude, DecimalLongitude, and GeodeticDatum. Zero is not a valid value for this element.
The horizontal distance (in meters) from the given decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude describing the smallest circle containing the whole of the Location. Leave the value empty if the uncertainty is unknown, cannot be estimated, or is not applicable (because there are no coordinates). Zero is not a valid value for this term.
Examples: "30" (reasonable lower limit of a GPS reading under good conditions if the actual precision was not recorded at the time), "71" (uncertainty for a UTM coordinate having 100 meter precision and a known spatial reference system).
Country
The country or major political unit from which the specimen was collected. ISO 3166-1 (http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1/db_en.html) values should be used. Full country names are currently in use. A future recommendation is to use ISO3166-1 two letter codes or the full name when searching
The full, unabbreviated name of the country or major political unit from which the cataloged item was collected.
The full, unabbreviated name of the country or major political unit in which the organism was collected or observed.
The name of the country or major administrative unit in which the Location occurs. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
Examples: "Denmark", "Colombia", "España"
Country Code
The standard code for the country in which the Location occurs. Recommended best practice is to use ISO 3166-1-alpha-2 country codes.
Examples: "AR" for Argentina, "SV" for El Salvador
County
The county (or shire, or next political region smaller than State / Province) from which the specimen was collected
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= County
The full, unabbreviated name of the county, shire, or municipality (i.e., the next smaller political region than StateProvince) from which the cataloged item was collected.
The full, unabbreviated name of the county, shire, or municipality (i.e., the next smaller political region than StateProvince) in which the organism was collected or observed.
The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than stateProvince (county, shire, department, etc.) in which the Location occurs.
Examples: "Missoula", "Los Lagos", "Mataró"
Data Generalizations
Actions taken to make the shared data less specific or complete than in its original form. Suggests that alternative data of higher quality may be available on request.
Example: "Coordinates generalized from original GPS coordinates to the nearest half degree grid cell"
Dataset
The category of information pertaining to a logical set of records.
Dataset ID
An identifier for the data set. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to a collection or institution.
An identifier for the set of data. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to a collection or institution.
Dataset Name
The name identifying the data set from which the record was derived.
Examples: "Grinnell Resurvey Mammals", "Lacey Ctenomys Recaptures"
Date Identified
The date-time in the Common Era calendar in which the object or observation was identified as being a member of the taxon given in the ScientificName.
The date on which the subject was identified as representing the taxon given in the scientificName. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Examples: "1963-03-08T14:07-0600" is 8 Mar 1963 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC, "2009-02-20T08:40Z" is 20 Feb 2009 8:40am UTC, "1809-02-12" is 12 Feb 1809, "1906-06" is Jun 1906, "1971" is just that year, "2007-03-01T13:00:00Z/2008-05-11T15:30:00Z" is the interval between 1 Mar 2007 1pm UTC and 11 May 2008 3:30pm UTC, "2007-11-13/15" is the interval between 13 Nov 2007 and 15 Nov 2007.
The date on which the subject was identified as representing the Taxon. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Date Last Modified
ISO 8601 compliant stamp indicating the date and time in UTC(GMT) when the record was last modified. Example: the instant "November 5, 1994, 8:15:30 am, US Eastern Standard Time" would be represented as "1994-11-05T13:15:30Z" (see W3C Note on Date and Time Formats - http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime). (What to do when this date-time is unknown? Use Date-Time first "published"?)
ISO 8601 date and time in UTC(GMT) when the record was last modified. Example: "November 5, 1994, 8:15:30 am, US Eastern Standard Time" would be "1994-11-05T13:15:30Z" (see http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime).
The last date-time of publication when any of the data for the record were modified from the previous publication of that record. When publishing a record for the first time, use the publication date-time. Returns values as ISO 8601 date and time. (cf. http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#isoformats and http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/popstds/dateandtime.html Example: November 5, 1994, 8:15:30 am, US Eastern Standard Time” would be “1994-11-05T13:15:30Z”
Day
The integer day of the month on which the Event occurred.
Examples: "9", "28"
accessible from DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeBegin
Day Collected
The day of the month the specimen was collected from the field. Possible value ranges from 01..31 inclusive
The two digit day of the month in the Common Era calendar during which the cataloged item was collected from the field.
Day Identified
The day portion of the date when the Collection Item was identified; as two digits [01..31].
accessible from DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/Date/DateText
The two digit day of the month in the Common Era calendar during which the cataloged item was identified.
Day of Year
The ordinal day of the year on which the object or observation was collected (1 for January 1, 365 for December 31, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366). If the EarliestDateCollected and LatestDateCollected do not occur on the same day, do not populate DayOfYear.
Decimal Latitude
The latitude of the location from which the cataloged item was collected, expressed in decimal degrees.
The latitude of the geographic center of a location where an event occurred (organism collected, observation made), expressed in decimal degrees. Positive values are North of the Equator, negative values are South of the Equator. Describes the point-radius representation of the location, along with DecimalLongitude, GeodeticDatum, and CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters. Example: -41.0983423
The geographic latitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in geodeticDatum) of the geographic center of a Location. Positive values are north of the Equator, negative values are south of it. Legal values lie between -90 and 90, inclusive.
Example: "-41.0983423"
Decimal Longitude
The longitude of the location from which the cataloged item was collected, expressed in decimal degrees.
The longitude of the geographic center of a location where an event occurred (organism collected, observation made), expressed in decimal degrees. Positive values are East of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are West of the Greenwich Meridian. Describes the point-radius representation of the location, along with DecimalLatitude, GeodeticDatum, and CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters. Example: -71.0943235
The geographic longitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in geodeticDatum) of the geographic center of a Location. Positive values are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are west of it. Legal values lie between -180 and 180, inclusive.
Example: "-121.1761111"
Depth Range
For data sets that have the depth range expressed in one field (e.g. "150-200 m") it can be entered here as free text. Separate, numeric Minimum and Maximum Depth fields are the preferred format; the Depth Range option is included for legacy data sets.
Disposition
The current disposition of the cataloged item. Examples: "in collection", "missing", "voucher elsewhere", "duplicates elsewhere".
The current state of a specimen with respect to the collection identified in collectionCode or collectionID. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "in collection", "missing", "voucher elsewhere", "duplicates elsewhere"
Darwin Core Type
The set of classes specified by the Darwin Core Type Vocabulary, used to categorize the nature or genre of the resource.
Dynamic Properties
A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the record. Meant to provide a mechanism for structured content such as key-value pairs.
Examples: "tragusLengthInMeters=0.014; weightInGrams=120", "heightInMeters=1.5", "natureOfID=expert identification; identificationEvidence=cytochrome B sequence", "relativeHumidity=28; airTemperatureInC=22; sampleSizeInKilograms=10", "aspectHeading=277; slopeInDegrees=6", "iucnStatus=vulnerable; taxonDistribution=Neuquen, Argentina"
A list of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the record. Meant to provide a mechanism for structured content.
The recommended best practice is to use a key:value encoding schema such as JSON. Examples: "{"heightInMeters":1.5}", "{"tragusLengthInMeters":0.014, "weightInGrams":120}", "{"natureOfID":"expert identification", "identificationEvidence":"cytochrome B sequence"}", "{"relativeHumidity":28, "airTemperatureInCelcius":22, "sampleSizeInKilograms":10}", "{"aspectHeading":277, "slopeInDegrees":6}", "{"iucnStatus":"vulnerable", "taxonDistribution":"Neuquén, Argentina"}".
Earliest Age Or Lowest Stage
The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic age or lowest chronostratigraphic stage attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Examples: "Atlantic", "Boreal", "Skullrockian"
Earliest Date Collected
The earliest date-time (Common Era calendar) in a date-time period during which an organism or group of organisms was collected or observed. If the event is recorded as occurring at a single date-time, populate both EarliestDateCollected and LatestDateCollected with the same value.
The earliest date-time in a period during which a event occurred. If the event is recorded as occurring at a single date-time, populate both EarliestDateCollected and LatestDateCollected with the same value. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Date may be used to express temporal information at any level of granularity. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as the W3CDTF profile of ISO 8601 [W3CDTF].
Earliest Eon Or Lowest Eonothem
The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic eon or lowest chrono-stratigraphic eonothem or the informal name ("Precambrian") attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Examples: "Phanerozoic", "Proterozoic"
Earliest Epoch Or Lowest Series
The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic epoch or lowest chronostratigraphic series attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Examples: "Holocene", "Pleistocene", "Ibexian Series"
Earliest Era Or Lowest Erathem
The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic era or lowest chronostratigraphic erathem attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Examples: "Cenozoic", "Mesozoic"
Earliest Period Or Lowest System
The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic period or lowest chronostratigraphic system attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Examples: "Neogene", "Tertiary", "Quaternary"
End Day Collected
For samples/observations/record events that were taken over time this gives the end day of the collecting event. Possible value ranges from 01..31 inclusive.
accessible from DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeEnd
End Day Of Year
The latest ordinal day of the year on which the Event occurred (1 for January 1, 365 for December 31, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366).
Examples: "1" (=1 Jan), "366" (=31 Dec), "365" (=30 Dec in a leap year, 31 Dec in a non-leap year)
End Julian Day
For samples/observations/record events that were taken over time this gives the end ordinal day of the year for the collecting event; i.e., the number of days since January 1 of the same year. (January 1 is Julian Day 1.). Should be an integer from one to 365, i.e. of the form (([0-3][0-9][0-9)|([0-9][0-9)|([1-9])).
End Latitude
For samples/observations/record events better represented as line features rather than point features (e.g. extended trawls or transects) this indicates the starting latitude location from which the specimen was collected or in which the sample/observation/record event occurred. This value should be expressed in decimal degrees (East & North = +; West & South = -). GPS-derived data must use the WGS 84 geodetic reference system (http://www.wgs84.com/).
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/CoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLon/LatitudeDecimal with attribute "begin" set to true
End Longitude
For samples/observations/record events better represented as line features rather than point features (e.g. extended trawls or transects) this indicates the starting longitude location from which the specimen was collected. Express in decimal degrees (East & North = +; West & South = -). GPS-derived data must use the WGS 84 geodetic reference system (http://www.wgs84.com/).
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/CoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLon/LongitudeDecimal with attribute "begin" set to true
End Month Collected
For samples/observations/record events that were taken over time this gives the end month of the collecting event. Possible values range from 01...12 inclusive.
End Time of Day
The time of day when the sampling event ended, expressed as decimal hours from midnight local time. Examples: 0 = midnight, 12.0 = mid-day, 13.5 = 13:30
The time of day when the event ended, expressed as decimal hours from midnight, local time.
Examples: "12.0" (= noon), "13.5" (= 1:30pm)
End Year Collected
For samples/observations/record events that were taken over time this gives the end year of the collecting event. The full year should be expressed (e.g. 1972 must be expressed as "1972" not "72"). Must always be a four digit integer.
Establishment Means
The process by which the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence became established at the location. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "native", "introduced", "naturalised", "invasive", "managed"
Event
The category of information pertaining to an event (an action that occurs at a place and during a period of time).
An action that occurs at some location during some time.
Examples: A specimen collection process. A machine observation.
Event Attribute
Container class for information about attributes related to a given sampling event.
Event Attribute Accuracy
The description of the error associated with the EventAttributeValue.
Example: "0.01", "normal distribution with variation of 2 m"
Event Attribute Determined By
The agent responsible for having determined the value of the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event.
Example: "Robert Hijmans"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy
Event Attribute Determined Date
The date on which the the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event was made.
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime
Event Attribute ID
An identifier for the event attribute. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Event Attribute Remarks
Comments or notes accompanying the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event.
Example: "temperature taken at 15:00"
Event Attributes
A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements or characteristics of the Event.
Example: "Relative humidity: 28 %; Temperature: 22 C; Sample size: 10 kg"
Event Attribute Type
The nature of the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Example: "Temperature"
Event Attribute Unit
The units for the value of the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event. Recommended best practice is to use International System of Units (SI) units.
Example: "C"
The value of the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event.
Example: "22"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue
Event Date
The date-time or interval during which an Event occurred. For occurrences, this is the date-time when the event was recorded. Not suitable for a time in a geological context. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Event ID
An identifier for the set of information associated with an Event (something that occurs at a place and time). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Event Measurement
The category of information pertaining to measurements associated with an event.
Event Measurement Accuracy
Event Measurement Determined By
The agent responsible for having determined the value of the measurement or characteristic of the event.
Event Measurement Determined Date
The date on which the the measurement or characteristic of the event was made. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Event Measurement ID
Event Measurement Remarks
Comments or notes accompanying the measurement or characteristic of the event.
Event Measurement Type
The nature of the measurement or characteristic of the event. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Example: "temperature"
Event Measurement Unit
The units for the value of the measurement or characteristic of the event. Recommended best practice is to use International System of Units (SI) units.
Event Measurement Value
The value of the measurement or characteristic of the event.
Event Remarks
Comments or notes about the Event.
Example: "after the recent rains the river is nearly at flood stage"
Event Time
The time or interval during which an Event occurred. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Examples: "14:07-0600" is 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC, "08:40:21Z" is 8:40:21am UTC, "13:00:00Z/15:30:00Z" is the interval between 1pm UTC and 3:30pm UTC.
accessible from DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeBegin and DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeEnd
Family
The family name of the organism
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName with HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonRank = familia
The phylogenetic family to which the cataloged item belongs.
The name of the family in which the organism is classified.
The name of the family in which the scientificName is classified.
Example: "Ctenomyidae"
The full scientific name of the family in which the taxon is classified.
Examples: "Felidae", "Monocleaceae"
Field Notes
A reference to, or flag marking the existence of notes taken in the field for the cataloged item.
One of a) a flag indicating the existence of, b) a reference to (such as a URL or literature citation), or c) the actual free text content of notes taken in the field about the specimen or observation.
One of a) an indicator of the existence of, b) a reference to (publication, URI), or c) the text of notes taken in the field about the Event.
Example: "notes available in Grinnell-Miller Library"
Field Number
A "number" (really a string) created at collection time to identify all material that resulted from a collecting event.
An identifying string applied to a set of material that resulted from a single collecting event.
An identifying string applied to a set of objects or observations resulting from a single collecting event.
An identifier given to the event in the field. Often serves as a link between field notes and the Event.
Example: "RV Sol 87-03-08"
Footprint Spatial Fit
A measure of how well the geometry expressed in the footprint match the original spatial representation, as a ratio of the area of the footprint given to the area of the original spatial representation. Legal values are 0, greater than or equal to 1, or undefined. A value of 1 is an exact match or 100% overlap. A value of 0 should be used if the given georeference does not completely contain the original representation. The FootprintSpatialFit is undefined if the original representation is a point without uncertainty and the given georeference is not that same point (without uncertainty). If both the original and the given georeference are the same point, the FootprintSpatialFit is 1. Detailed explanations with graphical examples can be found in the Guide to Best Practices for Georeferencing (Chapman and Wieczorek, eds. 2006).
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/FootprintSpatialFit (ABCD v2.06b)
The ratio of the area of the footprint (footprintWKT) to the area of the true (original, or most specific) spatial representation of the Location. Legal values are 0, greater than or equal to 1, or undefined. A value of 1 is an exact match or 100% overlap. A value of 0 should be used if the given footprint does not completely contain the original representation. The footprintSpatialFit is undefined (and should be left blank) if the original representation is a point and the given georeference is not that same point. If both the original and the given georeference are the same point, the footprintSpatialFit is 1.
Detailed explanations with graphical examples can be found in the "Guide to Best Practices for Georeferencing", Chapman and Wieczorek, eds. 2006.
Footprint SRS
A Well-Known Text (WKT) representation of the Spatial Reference System (SRS) for the footprintWKT of the Location. Do not use this term to describe the SRS of the decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude, even if it is the same as for the footprintWKT - use the geodeticDatum instead.
Example: The WKT for the standard WGS84 SRS (EPSG:4326) is "GEOGCS["GCS_WGS_1984",DATUM["D_WGS_1984",SPHEROID["WGS_1984",6378137,298.257223563]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0],UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]]" without the enclosing quotes.
Footprint WKT
A Well-Known Text (WKT; see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well-known_text) representation of the the shape (footprint, geometry) that defines the location of the occurrence. The same place may have both a point-radius representation (see DecimalLatitude) and a footprint representation, and they may differ from each other for the same occurrence. Example: the one-degree bounding box with opposite corners at (longitude=10, latitude=20) and (longitude=11, latitude=21) would be expressed in well-known text as POLYGON ((10 20, 11 20, 11 21, 10 21, 10 20))
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/FootprintWKT (ABCD v2.06b)
A Well-Known Text (WKT) representation of the shape (footprint, geometry) that defines the Location. A Location may have both a point-radius representation (see decimalLatitude) and a footprint representation, and they may differ from each other.
Example: the one-degree bounding box with opposite corners at (longitude=10, latitude=20) and (longitude=11, latitude=21) would be expressed in well-known text as POLYGON ((10 20, 11 20, 11 21, 10 21, 10 20))
Formation
The full name of the lithostratigraphic formation from which the cataloged item was collected.
Examples: "Notch Peak Fromation", "House Limestone", "Fillmore Formation"
Fossil Specimen
A resource describing a fossilized specimen.
A preserved specimen that is a fossil.
Gen Bank Num
GenBank Accession number.
Gen Bank Number
GenBank Accession number(s) associated with the biological individual(s) referred to by the cataloged object.
Generalizations
Actions taken to make the data as shared less specific or complete than in its original form. Suggests that alternative data of highly quality may be available on request.
Examples: "Coordinates generalized from original GPS coordinates to the nearest half degree grid cell", "locality information given only to nearest county".
Genus
The genus name of the organism
{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/GenusOrMonomial or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/GenusOrMonomial or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Viral/GenusOrMonomial or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/GenusOrMonomial}
The phylogenetic genus to which the cataloged item belongs.
The name of the genus in which the organism is classified.
The name of the genus in which the scientificName is classified.
Example: "Quercus"
The full scientific name of the genus in which the taxon is classified.
Examples: "Puma", "Monoclea"
Geodetic Datum
The geodetic datum to which the latitude and longitude refer. If not known, use "not recorded". This concept should be vocabulary-controlled. Example: "WGS84"
The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which the geographic coordinates given in decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude as based. Recommended best practice is use the EPSG code as a controlled vocabulary to provide an SRS, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the geodetic datum, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the ellipsoid, if known. If none of these is known, use the value "unknown".
Examples: "EPSG:4326", "WGS84", "NAD27", "Campo Inchauspe", "European 1950", "Clarke 1866"
Geological Context
The category of information pertaining to a location within a geological context, such as stratigraphy.
Geological information, such as stratigraphy, that qualifies a region or place.
Example: A lithostratigraphic layer.
Geological Context ID
An identifier for the set of information associated with a GeologicalContext (the location within a geological context, such as stratigraphy). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Georeferenced By
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the georeference (spatial representation) for the Location.
Examples: "Kristina Yamamoto (MVZ); Janet Fang (MVZ)", "Brad Millen (ROM)"
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "Brad Millen (ROM)", "Kristina Yamamoto (MVZ) | Janet Fang (MVZ)".
Georeferenced Date
The date on which the Location was georeferenced. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Georeference Protocol
A reference to the methods used for determining the coordinates and uncertainties. Example: "http://manisnet.org/GeorefGuide.html".
A description or reference to the methods used to determine the spatial footprint, coordinates, and uncertainties.
Examples: "Guide to Best Practices for Georeferencing. (Chapman and Wieczorek, eds. 2006). Global Biodiversity Information Facility.", "MaNIS/HerpNet/ORNIS Georeferencing Guidelines", "Georeferencing Quick Reference Guide"
Georeference Remarks
Comments about the spatial description determination, explaining assumptions made in addition or opposition to the those formalized in the method referred to in GeoreferenceProtocol.
Notes or comments about the spatial description determination, explaining assumptions made in addition or opposition to the those formalized in the method referred to in georeferenceProtocol.
Example: "assumed distance by road (Hwy. 101)"
Georeference Sources
A list of maps, gazetteers or other resources used to georeference the locality. The content of this concept is meant to be specific enough to allow anyone in the future to use the same resource to georeference the same locality. Examples: "USGS 1:24000 Florence Montana Quad", "Terrametrics 2008 on Google Earth"
A list (concatenated and separated) of maps, gazetteers, or other resources used to georeference the Location, described specifically enough to allow anyone in the future to use the same resources.
Examples: "USGS 1:24000 Florence Montana Quad; Terrametrics 2008 on Google Earth"
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "GeoLocate", "USGS 1:24000 Florence Montana Quad | Terrametrics 2008 on Google Earth".
Georeference Verification Status
A categorical description of the extent to which the georeference has been verified to represent the location where the specimen or observation was collected. This element should be vocabulary-controlled. Examples: "requires verification", "verified by collector", "verified by curator".
A categorical description of the extent to which the georeference has been verified to represent the best possible spatial description. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "requires verification", "verified by collector", "verified by curator".
Georef Method
A reference to the methods used for determining the coordinates and uncertainties.
Global Unique Identifier
A Uniform Resource Name (URN) as a unique identifier for the specimen or observation record. In the absence of a persistent global unique identifier, construct one in the form: “[InstitutionCode]:[CollectionCode]: [CatalogNumber]” Examples: 1) urn:lsid:nhm.ku.edu:Herps:32 2) “FMNH:Mammal:145732”
GML Feature
Geographic Markup Language(GML) description of the feature for representing complex shapes such as lines and polygons, per Open GIS Consortium (OGC) standards - http://www.opengis.net/gml/01-029/GML2.html.
Group
The full name of the lithostratigraphic group from which the cataloged item was collected.
Habitat
A category or description of the habitat in which the Event occurred.
Examples: "oak savanna", "pre-cordilleran steppe"
Higher Classification
A list (concatenated and separated) of taxa names terminating at the rank immediately superior to the taxon referenced in the taxon record. Recommended best practice is to order the list starting with the highest rank and separating the names for each rank with a semi-colon (";").
Example: "Animalia;Chordata;Vertebrata;Mammalia;Theria;Eutheria;Rodentia;Hystricognatha;Hystricognathi;Ctenomyidae;Ctenomyini;Ctenomys"
A list (concatenated and separated) of taxa names terminating at the rank immediately superior to the taxon referenced in the taxon record.
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '), with terms in order from the highest taxonomic rank to the lowest. Examples: "Animalia", "Animalia | Chordata | Vertebrata | Mammalia | Theria | Eutheria | Rodentia | Hystricognatha | Hystricognathi | Ctenomyidae | Ctenomyini | Ctenomys".
Higher Geography
The combination of all geographic elements less specific than locality. "Like" query operations on this element will search for a substring in any of the higher geography attributes.
{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/LocalityText or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName}
The names (concatenated and separated) of geographic elements less specific than the information in the Locality element. "LIKE" or "contains" substring query operations are meant to be used with this element to find matching geographic names. This can be useful if it is unclear in which element a name might be found, and in cases where there is no other appropriate geographic element. Example: "South America, Argentina, Patagonia, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Neuquén, Los Lagos" with accompanying values "South America" in Continent, "Argentina" in Country, "Neuquén" in StateProvince, and Los Lagos in County.
A list (concatenated and separated) of geographic names less specific than the information captured in the locality term.
Example: "South America; Argentina; Patagonia; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi; Neuquén; Los Lagos" with accompanying values "South America" in Continent, "Argentina" in Country, "Neuquén" in StateProvince, and Los Lagos in County.
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '), with terms in order from least specific to most specific. Examples: "North Atlantic Ocean", "South America | Argentina | Patagonia | Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi | Neuquén | Los Lagos" with accompanying values "South America" in Continent, "Argentina" in Country, "Neuquén" in StateProvince, and "Los Lagos" in County.
Higher Geography ID
An identifier for the geographic region within which the Location occurred. Recommended best practice is to use an persistent identifier from a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
Example: "TGN: 1002002" for Prov. Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
Higher Taxon
The combination of names of taxonomic ranks less specific than Genus. "Like" query operations on this element will search for a substring in any of the higher taxon attributes.
The names of taxonomic ranks less specific than SpecificEpithet concatenated and separated. "LIKE" or "contains" substring query operations are meant to be used with this element to find matching higher taxon names. This element may contain the list of scientific names of all of the supra-specific taxa in the classification used to identify (determine) the specimen or observation. Example: "Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Mammalia, Theria, Eutheria, Rodentia, Hystricognatha, Hystricognathi, Ctenomyidae, Ctenomyini, Ctenomys".
A list (concatenated and separated) of the names for the taxonomic ranks less specific than the ScientificName.
Example: "Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Mammalia, Theria, Eutheria, Rodentia, Hystricognatha, Hystricognathi, Ctenomyidae, Ctenomyini, Ctenomys".
Higher Taxon Concept ID
A unique identifier for the taxon concept less specific than that given in the taxonConceptID.
Higher Taxon ID
A global unique identifier for the parent to the taxon.
Higher Taxon Name
A list (concatenated and separated) of the names for the taxonomic ranks less specific than that given in the scientificName.
Example: "Animalia; Chordata; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Theria; Eutheria; Rodentia; Hystricognatha; Hystricognathi; Ctenomyidae; Ctenomyini; Ctenomys"
Higher Taxon Name ID
A unique identifier for the name of the next higher rank than the scientificName in a taxonomic classification. See higherTaxonName.
Highest Biostratigraphic Zone
The full name of the highest possible geological biostratigraphic zone of the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Horizontal Datum
The horizontal geodetic datum to which the DecimalLatitude and DecimalLongitude refer.
Human Observation
A resource describing an observation made by one or more people.
An output of a human observation process.
Identification
The category of information pertaining to taxonomic determinations (the assignment of a scientific name).
A taxonomic determination (e.g., the assignment to a taxon).
Example: A subspecies determination of an organism.
Identification Attributes
A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the Identification.
Example: "natureOfID=expert identification; identificationEvidence=cytochrome B sequence"
Identification ID
An identifier for the Identification (the body of information associated with the assignment of a scientific name). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Identification Modifier
Additional information documenting the taxonomic determination of the cataloged item (e.g., "cf.", "aff.", "subspecies in question", etc.).
Identification Qualifier
A brief phrase or a standard term ("cf.", "aff.") to qualify the identification of the organism when doubts have arisen as to its taxonomic identity (determination). Examples: 1) For the determination "Quercus aff. agrifolia var. oxyadenia", IdentificationQualifier would be "aff. agrifolia var. oxyadenia" with accompanying values "Quercus" in Genus, "agrifolia" in SpecificEpithet, "oxyadenia" in InfraspecificEpithet, and "var." in InfraspecificRank. 2) For the determination "Quercus agrifolia cf. var. oxyadenia", IdentificationQualifier would be "cf. var. oxyadenia " with accompanying values "Quercus" in Genus, "agrifolia" in SpecificEpithet, "oxyadenia" in InfraspecificEpithet, and "var." in InfraspecificRank.
A brief phrase or a standard term ("cf.", "aff.") to express the determiner's doubts about the Identification.
Examples: 1) For the determination "Quercus aff. agrifolia var. oxyadenia", identificationQualifier would be "aff. agrifolia var. oxyadenia" with accompanying values "Quercus" in genus, "agrifolia" in specificEpithet, "oxyadenia" in infraspecificEpithet, and "var." in rank. 2) For the determination "Quercus agrifolia cf. var. oxyadenia", identificationQualifier would be "cf. var. oxyadenia " with accompanying values "Quercus" in genus, "agrifolia" in specificEpithet, "oxyadenia" in infraspecificEpithet, and "var." in rank.
Identification References
A list (concatenated and separated) of references (publication, global unique identifier, URI) used in the Identification.
Example: "Aves del Noroeste Patagonico. Christie et al. 2004."
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "Aves del Noroeste Patagonico. Christie et al. 2004.", "Stebbins, R. Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians. 3rd Edition. 2003. | Irschick, D.J. and Shaffer, H.B. (1997). ''The polytypic species revisited: Morphological differentiation among tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) (Amphibia: Caudata).'' Herpetologica, 53(1), 30-49.".
Identification Remarks
Comments or notes about the Identification.
Example: "Distinguished between Anthus correndera and Anthus hellmayri based on the comparative lengths of the uñas."
Identification Verification Status
A categorical indicator of the extent to which the taxonomic identification has been verified to be correct. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as that used in HISPID/ABCD.
Examples: "0", "4"
Identified By
The name(s) of the person(s) who applied the currently accepted Scientific Name to the Cataloged Item.
The name(s) of the person(s) who applied the currently accepted ScientificName to the cataloged item.
The name(s) of the person(s) who applied the ScientificName to the object or observation. Example: James L. Patton.
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who assigned the scientificName.
Example: "James L. Patton", "Theodore Pappenfuss; Robert Macey"
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who assigned the Taxon to the subject.
Examples: "James L. Patton", "Theodore Pappenfuss; Robert Macey"
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "James L. Patton", "Theodore Pappenfuss | Robert Macey".
Image URL
A Universal Resource Locator reference to digital images associated with the specimen or observation.
Individual Count
The number of individuals present in the lot or container. Not an estimate of abundance or density at the collecting locality.
The number of individuals present in the lot or container referred to by the catalog number. Not an estimate of abundance or density at the collecting locality.
The number of individuals present in the lot or container. Not to be used for observations.
The number of individuals represented present at the time of the Occurrence.
Examples: "1", "25"
Individual ID
An identifier for an individual or named group of individual organisms represented in the Occurrence. Meant to accommodate resampling of the same individual or group for monitoring purposes. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to a data set.
Examples: "U.amer. 44", "Smedley", "Orca J 23"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/Result/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/NamedIndividual or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/ObservationUnit/ObservationUnitIdentifiers/ObservationUnitIdentifier or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/SpecimenUnit/Accessions/AccessionNumber
Information Withheld
Brief descriptions of additional information that may exist, but that has not been made public. Information about obtaining the withheld information should be sought from the administrative contact identified in the provider resource metadata (curator, collection manager). Examples: "specific locality information given only to nearest county", "ask about tissue samples", "georeferences given only to nearest degree".
Additional information that exists, but that has not been shared in the given record.
Examples: "location information not given for endangered species", "collector identities withheld", "ask about tissue samples"
Infraspecific Epithet
The infraspecific epithet of the scientific name applied to the organism.
{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/SubspeciesEpithet or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/SecondEpithet or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/SubspeciesEpithet}
The name of the second or subspecies epithet of the scientificName.
Example: "oxyadenia"
The name of the lowest or terminal infraspecific epithet of the scientificName, excluding any rank designation.
Examples: "concolor", "oxyadenia", "sayi"
Infraspecific Rank
The infraspecific rank (subspecies, variety, forma) of the InfraspecificEpithet. Examples: "subsp.", "var.", "forma".
Institution Code
A "standard" code identifier that identifies the institution to which the collection belongs. No global registry exists for assigning institutional codes. Use the code that is "standard" in your discipline.
A code that identifies the institution to which the cataloged item belongs. No global registry exists for institutional codes; use the code that is "standard" in your discipline. This attribute must contain no spaces.
The code (or acronym) identifying the institution administering the collection in which the organism record is cataloged. No global registry exists for institutional codes; use the code that is "standard" at your institution or in your discipline.
The name (or acronym) in use by the institution having custody of the object(s) or information referred to in the record.
Examples: "MVZ", "FMNH", "AKN-CLO"
Examples: "MVZ", "FMNH", "AKN-CLO", "University of California Museum of Paleontology (UCMP)"
Institution ID
An identifier for the institution having custody of the object(s) or information referred to in the record.
For physical specimens, the recommended best practice is to use an identifier from a collections registry such as the Global Registry of Biodiversity Repositories (http://grbio.org/). Examples: "http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34777", "http://grbio.org/cool/km06-gtbn".
Island
The full, unabbreviated name of the island from which the cataloged item was collected.
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= Island
The full, unabbreviated name of the island on which the organism was collected or observed.
The name of the island on or near which the Location occurs. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
Examples: "Isla Victoria", "Vancouver", "Viti Levu", "Zanzibar"
Island Group
The full, unabbreviated name of the island group from which the cataloged item was collected.
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= Island group
The full, unabbreviated name of the island group in which the organism was collected or observed.
The name of the island group in which the Location occurs. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
Examples: "Alexander Archipelago", "Seychelles"
Julian Day
The ordinal day of the year; i.e., the number of days since January 1 of the same year. (January 1 is Julian Day 1.)
The ordinal day of the year (i.e., the number of days since December 31 of the previous year; January 1 is Julian Day 1) on which the cataloged item was collected. May be derived from the YearCollected, MonthCollected, and DayCollected by the provider.
Kingdom
The kingdom to which the organism belongs
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName with HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonRank = regnum
The phylogenetic kingdom to which the cataloged item belongs.
The name of the kingdom in which the organism is classified.
The name of the kingdom in which the scientificName is classified.
Example: "Animalia"
The full scientific name of the kingdom in which the taxon is classified.
Examples: "Animalia", "Plantae"
Latest AgeOr Highest Stage
The full name of the latest possible geochronologic age or highest chronostratigraphic stage attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Latest Date Collected
The latest date-time (Common Era calendar) in a date-time period during which an organism or group of organisms was collected or observed. If the event is recorded as occurring at a single date-time, populate both EarliestDateCollected and LatestDateCollected with the same value.
The latest date-time in a period during which a event occurred. If the event is recorded as occurring at a single date-time, populate both EarliestDateCollected and LatestDateCollected with the same value. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Latest Eon Or Highest Eonothem
The full name of the latest possible geochronologic eon or highest chrono-stratigraphic eonothem or the informal name ("Precambrian") attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Latest Epoch Or Highest Series
The full name of the latest possible geochronologic epoch or highest chronostratigraphic series attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Latest Era Or Highest Erathem
The full name of the latest possible geochronologic era or highest chronostratigraphic erathem attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Latest Period Or Highest System
The full name of the latest possible geochronologic period or highest chronostratigraphic system attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Latitude
The latitude of the location from which the specimen was collected. This value should be expressed in decimal degrees with a datum such as WGS-84
Lat Long Comments
Comments about the LatLong determination.
Lifestage
Indicates the life stage present. Will require developing a controlled vocabulary. Can include multiple stages for a lot with multiple individuals.
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MycologicalUnit/MycologicalSexualStage or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MycologicalUnit/MycologicalLiveStages/MycologicalLiveStage (Note DwC spec uses ”MycologicalLifeStage” or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/ZoologicalUnit/PhasesOrStages/PhaseOrStage
Life Stage
The age class or life stage of the biological individual represented by the catalogued object or observation. Examples: "adult", "mature", "juvenile", "eft", "nymph", "seedling", "seed", "egg"
The age class or life stage of the biological individual(s) at the time the Occurrence was recorded. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "egg", "eft", "juvenile", "adult", "2 adults 4 juveniles"
Lithostratigraphic Terms
The combination of all litho-stratigraphic names for the rock from which the cataloged item was collected.
Living Specimen
A resource describing a living specimen.
A specimen that is alive.
Locality
The locality description (place name plus optionally a displacement from the place name) from which the specimen was collected. Where a displacement from a location is provided, it should be in un-projected units of measurement
The description of the locality from which the cataloged item was collected, sans geographic information provided in other geographic fields.
The specific natural language description of the place where the organism was collected or observed. This element need not contain less specific geographic information provided in other geographic elements (HigherGeography, Continent, Country, StateProvince, County, WaterBody, Island, IslandGroup). Though coordinate information can be contained in this concept, these data will be usable analytically only when shared through the concepts of the Geospatial Extension.
The specific description of the place. Less specific geographic information can be provided in other geographic terms (higherGeography, continent, country, stateProvince, county, municipality, waterBody, island, islandGroup). This term may contain information modified from the original to correct perceived errors or standardize the description.
Example: "Bariloche, 25 km NNE via Ruta Nacional 40 (=Ruta 237)"
Location
A resource describing an instance of the Location class.
Location According To
Information about the source of this Location information. Could be a publication (gazetteer), institution, or team of individuals.
Examples: "Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names", "GADM"
Location Attributes
A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the location.
Example: "aspectheading=277; slopeindegrees=6"
Location ID
An identifier for the set of location information (data associated with dcterms:Location). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Location Remarks
Comments or notes about the Location.
Example: "under water since 2005"
Longitude
The longitude of the location from which the specimen was collected. This value should be expressed in decimal degrees with a datum such as WGS-84
Lowest Biostratigraphic Zone
The full name of the lowest possible geological biostratigraphic zone of the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.
Machine Observation
A resource describing an observation made by a machine.
An output of a machine observation process.
Material Sample
The category of information pertaining to the physical results of a sampling (or subsampling) event. In biological collections, the material sample is typically collected, and either preserved or destructively processed.
A resource describing the physical results of a sampling (or subsampling) event. In biological collections, the material sample is typically collected, and either preserved or destructively processed.
A physical results of a sampling (or subsampling) event. In biological collections, the material sample is typically collected, and either preserved or destructively processed.
Examples: A whole organism preserved in a collection. A part of an organism isolated for some purpose. A soil sample. A marine microbial sample.
Material Sample ID
An identifier for the MaterialSample (as opposed to a particular digital record of the material sample). In the absence of a persistent global unique identifier, construct one from a combination of identifiers in the record that will most closely make the materialSampleID globally unique.
Maximum Depth
The maximum distance in meters below the surface of the water at which the collection was made; all material collected was at most this deep. Positive below the surface, negative above (e.g. collecting above sea level in tidal areas).
Maximum Depth In Meters
The maximum distance in meters below the surface of the water at which the collection was made; all material collected was at most this deep. Positive below the surface, negative above (e.g., collecting above sea level in tidal areas).
The maximum or actual depth at which the collection or observation was made. Use positive values for locations below the surface. Examples: 10 (for a depth of up to 10m). 100 (for a depth between 50m and 100m).
The greater depth of a range of depth below the local surface, in meters.
Example: "200"
Maximum Distance Above Surface In Meters
The greater distance in a range of distance from a reference surface in the vertical direction, in meters. Use positive values for locations above the surface, negative values for locations below. If depth measures are given, the reference surface is the location given by the depth, otherwise the reference surface is the location given by the elevation.
Example: 1.5 meter sediment core from the bottom of a lake (at depth 20m) at 300m elevation; VerbatimElevation: "300m" MinimumElevationInMeters: "300", MaximumElevationInMeters: "300", VerbatimDepth: "20m", MinimumDepthInMeters: "20", MaximumDepthInMeters: "20", minimumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters: "0", maximumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters: "-1.5"
Maximum Elevation
The maximum distance in meters above (positive) or below sea level of the collecting locality.
Maximum Elevation In Meters
The maximum or actual elevation at which the collection or observation was made. Use negative values for locations below sea level. Examples: Examples: 125 (for an elevation of 100 +- 25 meters). 200 (for an elevation between 100m and 200m).
The upper limit of the range of elevation (altitude, usually above sea level), in meters.
Measurement Accuracy
The description of the potential error associated with the measurementValue.
Examples: "0.01", "normal distribution with variation of 2 m"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Aspect/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy
Measurement Determined By
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the MeasurementOrFact.
Examples: "Javier de la Torre", "Julie Woodruff; Eileen Lacey"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "Rob Guralnick", "Julie Woodruff | Eileen Lacey".
Measurement Determined Date
The date on which the MeasurementOrFact was made. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime
Measurement ID
An identifier for the MeasurementOrFact (information pertaining to measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Measurement Method
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the measurement, fact, characteristic, or assertion.
Examples: "minimum convex polygon around burrow entrances" for a home range area, "barometric altimeter" for an elevation
/DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Method or /DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Method or /DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Method
Measurement Or Fact
The category of information pertaining to measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about a resource (instance of data record, such as Occurrence, Taxon, Location, Event).
Datasets/Dataset/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts
Measurement or Fact
A measurement of or fact about an rdfs:Resource (http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource).
Resources can be thought of as identifiable records or instances of classes and may include, but need not be limited to Occurrences, Organisms, MaterialSamples, Events, Locations, GeologicalContexts, Identifications, or Taxa. Examples: The weight of an organism in grams. The number of placental scars.
Measurement Remarks
Comments or notes accompanying the MeasurementOrFact.
Example: "tip of tail missing"
Measurement Type
The nature of the measurement, fact, characteristic, or assertion. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "tail length", "temperature", "trap line length", "survey area", "trap type"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter
Measurement Unit
The units associated with the measurementValue. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
Examples: "mm", "C", "km", "ha"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UnitOfMeasurement or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UnitOfMeasurement
Measurement Value
The value of the measurement, fact, characteristic, or assertion.
Examples: "45", "20", "1", "14.5", "UV-light"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue
Member
The full name of the lithostratigraphic member from which the cataloged item was collected.
Examples: "Lava Dam Member", "Hellnmaria Member"
Minimum Depth
The minimum distance in meters below the surface of the water at which the collection was made; all material collected was at least this deep. Positive below the surface, negative above (e.g. collecting above sea level in tidal areas).
Minimum Depth In Meters
The minimum distance in meters below the surface of the water at which the collection was made; all material collected was at least this deep. Positive below the surface, negative above (e.g., collecting above sea level in tidal areas).
The minimum or actual depth at which the collection or observation was made. Use positive values for locations below the surface. Examples: 0 (for a depth of up to 10m). 50 (for a depth between 50m and 100m).
The lesser depth of a range of depth below the local surface, in meters.
Example: "100"
Minimum Distance Above Surface In Meters
The lesser distance in a range of distance from a reference surface in the vertical direction, in meters. Use positive values for locations above the surface, negative values for locations below. If depth measures are given, the reference surface is the location given by the depth, otherwise the reference surface is the location given by the elevation.
Minimum Elevation
The minimum distance in meters above (positive) or below sea level of the collecting locality.
Minimum Elevation In Meters
The minimum or actual elevation at which the collection or observation was made. Use negative values for locations below sea level. Examples: 75 (for an elevation of 100 +- 25 meters). 100 (for an elevation between 100m and 200m).
The lower limit of the range of elevation (altitude, usually above sea level), in meters.
Month
The ordinal month in which the Event occurred.
Examples: "1" (=January), "10" (=October)
Month Collected
The month of year the specimen was collected from the field. Possible values range from 01...12 inclusive
The two digit month of year in the Common Era calendar during which the cataloged item was collected from the field.
Month Identified
The month portion of the date when the Collection Item was identified; as two digits [01..12].
The two digit month in the Common Era calendar during which the cataloged item was identified.
Municipality
The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than county (city, municipality, etc.) in which the Location occurs. Do not use this term for a nearby named place that does not contain the actual location.
Examples: "Holzminden"
Name According To
The reference to the source in which the specific taxon concept circumscription is defined or implied - traditionally signified by the Latin "sensu" or "sec." (from secundum, meaning "according to"). For taxa that result from identifications, a reference to the keys, monographs, experts and other sources should be given.
Example: "McCranie, J. R., D. B. Wake, and L. D. Wilson. 1996. The taxonomic status of Bolitoglossa schmidti, with comments on the biology of the Mesoamerican salamander Bolitoglossa dofleini (Caudata: Plethodontidae). Carib. J. Sci. 32:395-398.", "Werner Greuter 2008", "Lilljeborg 1861, Upsala Univ. Arsskrift, Math. Naturvet., pp. 4, 5"
Name According To ID
An identifier for the source in which the specific taxon concept circumscription is defined or implied. See nameAccordingTo.
Name Publication ID
A resolvable globally unique identifier for the original publication of the scientificName.
Example: "http://hdl.handle.net/10199/7"
Name Published In
A full reference to the original publication of the scientificName.
Examples: "Pearson O. P., and M. I. Christie. 1985. Historia Natural, 5(37):388", "Forel, Auguste, Diagnosies provisoires de quelques espèces nouvelles de fourmis de Madagascar, récoltées par M. Grandidier., Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, Comptes-rendus des Seances 30, 1886"
A reference for the publication in which the scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode.
Name Published In ID
An identifier for the publication in which the scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode.
Name Published In Year
The four-digit year in which the scientificName was published.
Examples: "1915", "2008"
Nomenclatural Checklist
A resource describing a nomenclatural checklist.
Nomenclatural Code
The nomenclatural code under which the ScientificName is constructed. Examples: "ICBN", "ICZN", "BC", "ICNCP", "BioCode"
The nomenclatural code under which the scientificName is constructed. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "ICBN", "ICZN", "BC", "ICNCP", "BioCode"
The nomenclatural code (or codes in the case of an ambiregnal name) under which the scientificName is constructed. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "ICBN", "ICZN", "BC", "ICNCP", "BioCode", "ICZN; ICBN"
Nomenclatural Status
The status related to the original publication of the name and its conformance to the relevant rules of nomenclature. It is based essentially on an algorithm according to the business rules of the code. It requires no taxonomic opinion.
Examples: "nom. ambig.", "nom. illeg.", "nom. subnud."
(DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/SpecimenUnit/NomenclaturalTypeDesignations/NomenclaturalTypeDesignation/NomenclaturalReference/TitleCitation) pro parte
Notes
Free text notes attached to the specimen record
Observed Individual Count
The number of individuals (abundance) found in a collection/record event.
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue + constant
Observed Weight
The total biomass found in a collection/record event. Expressed as kg.
Occurrence
A resource describing an instance of the Occurrence class.
The category of information pertaining to evidence of an occurrence in nature, in a collection, or in a dataset (specimen, observation, etc.).
An existence of an Organism (sensu http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Organism) at a particular place at a particular time.
Examples: A wolf pack on the shore of Kluane Lake in 1988. A virus in a plant leaf in a the New York Botanical Garden at 15:29 on 2014-10-23. A fungus in Central Park in the summer of 1929.
Occurrence Attributes
A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the Occurrence.
Examples: "Tragus length: 14mm; Weight: 120g", "Height: 1-1.5 meters tall; flowers yellow; uncommon".
Occurrence Details
A reference (publication, URI) to the most detailed information available about the Occurrence.
Example: "http://mvzarctos.berkeley.edu/guid/MVZ:Mamm:165861"
Occurrence ID
An identifier for the Occurrence (as opposed to a particular digital record of the occurrence). In the absence of a persistent global unique identifier, construct one from a combination of identifiers in the record that will most closely make the occurrenceID globally unique.
For a specimen in the absence of a bona fide global unique identifier, for example, use the form: "urn:catalog:[institutionCode]:[collectionCode]:[catalogNumber]. Examples: "urn:lsid:nhm.ku.edu:Herps:32", "urn:catalog:FMNH:Mammal:145732"
Occurrence Measurement
The category of information pertaining to measurements accociated with an occurrence.
Occurrence Measurement Accuracy
The description of the error associated with the occurrenceAttributeValue.
Occurrence Measurement Determined By
The agent responsible for having determined the value of the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence.
Example: "Javier de la Torre"
Occurrence Measurement Determined Date
The date on which the the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence was made. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Occurrence Measurement ID
An identifier for the occurrence attribute. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Occurrence Measurement Remarks
Comments or notes accompanying the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence.
Occurrence Measurement Type
The nature of the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Example: "tail length"
Occurrence Measurement Unit
The units for the value of the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence. Recommended best practice is to use International System of Units (SI) units.
Example: "mm"
Occurrence Measurement Value
The value of the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence.
Example: "45"
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue
Occurrence Remarks
Comments or notes about the Occurrence.
Example: "found dead on road"
Occurrence Status
A statement about the presence or absence of a Taxon at a Location. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "present", "absent"
Order
The order name of the organism
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName with HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonRank = ordo
The phylogenetic order to which the cataloged item belongs.
The name of the order in which the organism is classified.
The name of the order in which the scientificName is classified.
Example: "Rodentia"
The full scientific name of the order in which the taxon is classified.
Examples: "Carnivora", "Monocleales"
Organism
A particular organism or defined group of organisms considered to be taxonomically homogeneous.
Instances of the Organism class are intended to facilitate linking of one or more Identification instances to one or more Occurrence instances. Therefore, things that are typically assigned scientific names (such as viruses, hybrids, and lichens) and aggregates whose occurrences are typically recorded (such as packs, clones, and colonies) are included in the scope of this class.
Organism ID
An identifier for the Organism instance (as opposed to a particular digital record of the Organism). May be a globally unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Organism Name
A textual name or label assigned to an Organism instance.
Examples: "Huberta", "Boab Prison Tree", "J pod".
Organism Remarks
Comments or notes about the Organism instance.
Example: "One of a litter of six."
Organism Scope
A description of the kind of Organism instance. Can be used to indicate whether the Organism instance represents a discrete organism or if it represents a particular type of aggregation. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
This term is not intended to be used to specify a type of taxon. To describe the kind of Organism using a URI object in RDF, use rdf:type (http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type) instead. Examples: "multicellular organism", "virus", "clone" "pack", "colony".
Original Coordinate System
The name of the system in which the original geographic coordinates were recorded (e.g., "decimal degrees", "degrees minutes seconds", "UTM", etc.).
(partly) DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesGrid/GridCellSystem
Original Name Usage
The taxon name, with authorship and date information if known, as it originally appeared when first established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode. The basionym (botany) or basonym (bacteriology) of the scientificName or the senior/earlier homonym for replaced names.
Examples: "Pinus abies", "Gasterosteus saltatrix Linnaeus 1768"
Original Name Usage ID
An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) in which the terminal element of the scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode.
Example: "http://species.gbif.org/abies_alba_1753"
Other Catalog Numbers
A list of previous or alternative fully qualified catalog numbers of the cataloged item whether in the current collection or in any other.
A list of previous or alternative fully qualified catalog numbers for the same object or observation, whether in the current collection or in any other.
A list (concatenated and separated) of previous or alternate fully qualified catalog numbers or other human-used identifiers for the same Occurrence, whether in the current or any other data set or collection.
Examples: "FMNH:Mammal:1234", "NPS YELLO6778; MBG 33424"
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "FMNH:Mammal:1234", "NPS YELLO6778 | MBG 33424".
Owner Institution Code
The name (or acronym) in use by the institution having ownership of the object(s) or information referred to in the record.
Examples: "NPS", "APN", "InBio"
Parent Name Usage
The full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the direct, most proximate higher-rank parent taxon (in a classification) of the most specific element of the scientificName.
Examples: "Rubiaceae", "Gruiformes", "Testudinae"
Parent Name Usage ID
An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) of the direct, most proximate higher-rank parent taxon (in a classification) of the most specific element of the scientificName.
Phylum
The phylum (or division) to which the organism belongs
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName with HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonRank = phylum
The phylogenetic phylum (or division) to which the cataloged item belongs.
The name of the phylum (or division) in which the organism is classified.
The name of the phlyum (or division) in which the scientificName is classified.
Example: "Chordata"
The full scientific name of the phylum or division in which the taxon is classified.
Examples: "Chordata" (phylum), "Bryophyta" (division)
Point Radius Spatial Fit
A measure of how well the circle defined by the coordinates and uncertainty match the original spatial representation, as a ratio of the area of the circle to the area of the original spatial representation. Legal values are 0, greater than or equal to 1, or undefined. A value of 1 is an exact match or 100% overlap. A value of 0 should be used if the given georeference does not completely contain the original representation. The PointRadiusSpatialFit is undefined if the original representation is a point without uncertainty and the given georeference is not that same point (without uncertainty). If both the original and the given georeference are the same point, the PointRadiusSpatialFit is 1. Detailed explanations with graphical examples can be found in the Guide to Best Practices for Georeferencing (Chapman and Wieczorek, eds. 2006).
The ratio of the area of the point-radius (decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, coordinateUncertaintyInMeters) to the area of the true (original, or most specific) spatial representation of the Location. Legal values are 0, greater than or equal to 1, or undefined. A value of 1 is an exact match or 100% overlap. A value of 0 should be used if the given point-radius does not completely contain the original representation. The pointRadiusSpatialFit is undefined (and should be left blank) if the original representation is a point without uncertainty and the given georeference is not that same point (without uncertainty). If both the original and the given georeference are the same point, the pointRadiusSpatialFit is 1.
Preparations
A concatenated list of preparations and preservation methods (skin, skull, skeleton, whole animal (ETOH), slide, etc.) for the cataloged item.
A concatenated list of preparations and preservation methods for the object. Examples: "skin", "skull", "skeleton", "whole animal (ETOH)", "tissue (EDTA)".
A list (concatenated and separated) of preparations and preservation methods for a specimen.
Examples: "skin; skull; skeleton", "whole animal (ETOH); tissue (EDTA)", "fossil", "cast", "photograph", "DNA extract"
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "fossil", "cast", "photograph", "DNA extract", "skin | "skull | skeleton", "whole animal (ETOH) | tissue (EDTA)".
Preparation Type
The type of preparation (skin. slide, etc). Probably best to add this as a record element rather than access point. Should be a list of preparations for a single collection record.
Preserved Specimen
A resource describing a preserved specimen.
A specimen that has been preserved.
Previous Catalog Number
The previous (fully qualified) catalog number of the Cataloged Item if the item earlier identified by another Catalog Number, either in the current catalog or another Institution / catalog. A fully qualified Catalog Number is preceded by Institution Code and Collection Code, with a space separating the each subelement. Referencing a previous Catalog Number does not imply that a record for the referenced item is or is not present in the corresponding catalog, or even that the referenced catalog still exists. This access point is intended to provide a way to retrieve this record by previously used identifier, which may used in the literature. In future versions of this schema this attribute should be set-valued.
Previous Identifications
A list (concatenated and separated) of previous ScientificNames to which the sample was identified.
Example: "Anthus correndera".
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification with PreferredFlag = false
A list (concatenated and separated) of previous assignments of names to the subject.
Example: "Anthus sp., field ID by G. Iglesias; Anthus correndera, expert ID by C. Cicero 2009-02-12 based on morphology"
A list (concatenated and separated) of previous assignments of names to the Occurrence.
A list (concatenated and separated) of previous assignments of names to the Organism.
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "Chalepidae", "Pinus abies", "Anthus sp., field ID by G. Iglesias | Anthus correndera, expert ID by C. Cicero 2009-02-12 based on morphology".
Recorded By
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations responsible for recording the original Occurrence. The primary collector or observer, especially one who applies a personal identifier (recordNumber), should be listed first.
Example: "Oliver P. Pearson; Anita K. Pearson" where the value in recordNumber "OPP 7101" corresponds to the number for the specimen in the field catalog (collector number) of Oliver P. Pearson.
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). The primary collector or observer, especially one who applies a personal identifier (recordNumber), should be listed first. Examples: "José E. Crespo", "Oliver P. Pearson | Anita K. Pearson" where the value in recordNumber "OPP 7101" corresponds to the number for the specimen in the field catalog (collector number) of Oliver P. Pearson.
Record Number
An identifier given to the Occurrence at the time it was recorded. Often serves as a link between field notes and an Occurrence record, such as a specimen collector's number.
Example: "OPP 7101"
Record URL
Gives the web address of the page where more information on this particular record (not on the whole dataset) can be found.
Related Basis of Record
The nature of the related resource. Recommended best practice is to use the same controlled vocabulary as for basisOfRecord.
Example: "PreservedSpecimen"
Related Cataloged Items
The fully qualified identifier (Institution Code + " " + Collection Code + " " + Catalog Number) of the related Cataloged Item, preceded by the nature of the relationship (e.g., (sibling of) MVZ Mamm 1234).
One or more GlobalUniqueIdentifiers (cf. http://wiki.tdwg.org/twiki/bin/view/DarwinCore/GlobalUniqueIdentifier ) of related objects or observations, optionally preceded by the nature of the relationship. Examples: "(sibling of) URN:catalog:MVZ:Mammal:1234", "(endoparasite of) URN:catalog:FMNH:Bird:41321", "(sheet 2 of 2) URN:WTU:VascularPlants:353087".
Related Cataloged Item
The fully qualified identifier of a related Catalog Item (a reference to another specimen); Institution Code, Collection Code, and Catalog Number of the related Cataloged Item, where a space separates the three subelements.
Related Information
Free text references to information not delivered via the conceptual schema, including URLs to specimen details, publications, bibliographic references, etc.
Related Resource ID
An identifier for a related resource (the object, rather than the subject of the relationship).
Related Resource Type
The type of the related resource. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "StillImage", "MovingImage", "Sound", PhysicalObject", "PreservedSpecimen", FossilSpecimen", LivingSpecimen", "HumanObservation", "MachineObservation", "Location", "Taxonomy", "NomeclaturalChecklist", "Publication"
Relationship According To
The source (person, organization, publication, reference) establishing the relationship between the two resources.
Example: "Julie Woodruff"
Relationship Established Date
The date-time on which the relationship between the two resources was established. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Relationship Of Resource
The relationship of the resource identified by relatedResourceID to the subject (optionally identified by the resourceID). Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "duplicate of", "mother of", "endoparasite of", "host to", "sibling of", "valid synonym of", "located within"
Relationship Remarks
Comments or notes about the relationship between the two resources.
Examples: "mother and offspring collected from the same nest", "pollinator captured in the act"
Relationship Type
A named or coded valued that identifies the kind relationship between this Collection Item and the referenced Collection Item. Named values include: "parasite of", "epiphyte on", "progeny of", etc. In future versions of this schema this attribute should be set-valued.
Remarks
Free text comments accompanying the cataloged item record.
Free text comments accompanying the object or observation record.
Reproductive Condition
The reproductive condition of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples" "non-reproductive", "pregnant", "in bloom", "fruit-bearing"
Resource ID
An identifier for the resource that is the subject of the relationship.
Resource Relationship
The category of information pertaining to relationships between resources (instances of data records, such as Occurrences, Taxa, Locations, Events).
Resources can be thought of as identifiable records and may include, but need not be limited to Occurrences, Locations, Events, Identifications, or Taxon records.
A relationship of one rdfs:Resource (http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource) to another.
Resources can be thought of as identifiable records or instances of classes and may include, but need not be limited to Occurrences, Organisms, MaterialSamples, Events, Locations, GeologicalContexts, Identifications, or Taxa. Example: An instance of an Organism is the mother of another instance of an Organism.
Resource Relationship ID
An identifier for an instance of relationship between one resource (the subject) and another (relatedResource, the object).
Sample
Container class for information about the results of a sampling event (specimen, observation, etc.)
Sample Attribute
Container class for information about attributes related to a given sample.
Sample Attribute Accuracy
The description of the error associated with the SampleAttributeValue.
Sample Attribute Determined By
The agent responsible for having determined the value of the measurement or characteristic of the sample.
Sample Attribute Determined Date
The date on which the the measurement or characteristic of the sample was made.
Sample Attribute Remarks
Comments or notes accompanying the measurement or characteristic of the sample.
Sample Attribute Unit
The units for the value of the measurement or characteristic of the sample. Recommended best practice is to use International System of Units (SI) units.
Sample Attribute Value
The value of the measurement or characteristic of the sample.
Sample Remarks
Comments or notes about the sample or record.
Sample Size
The size of the sample from which the collection/observation was drawn. It can be a volume (e.g. for a phytoplankton sample), a linear distance (e.g. for a visual transect or net haul), a surface area (e.g. for a benthic core), etc. This field must also include the units, e.g. 200 mfor a transect, or 0.25 m^2 for a benthic grab (use ^ to denote a superscript). Note that When multiple collections/observations are reported from the same physical sample, a code identifying the sample can be placed in the Field_Number field to allow all collections/observations from a single sample to be connected.
Sample Attribute ID
An identifier for the sampling attribute. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Sample Attribute Type
The nature of the measurement or characteristic of the sample. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Sampling Effort
The amount of effort expended during an Event.
Examples: "40 trap-nights", "10 observer-hours; 10 km by foot; 30 km by car"
Sampling Event
Container class for information about the conditions and methods of acquisition of samples.
Sampling Event Attributes
A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements or characteristics of the sampling event.
Sampling Event ID
An identifier for the sampling event. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Sampling Event Remarks
Comments or notes about the sampling event.
Sampling Location
Container class for information about the location where a sampling event occurred.
Sampling Location ID
An identifier for the sampling location. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Example: "MVZ:LocID:12345"
Sampling Location Remarks
Comments or notes about the sampling location.
Sampling Protocol
The name of, reference to, or description of the method or protocol used during an Event.
Examples: "UV light trap", "mist net", "bottom trawl", "ad hoc observation", "point count", "Penguins from space: faecal stains reveal the location of emperor penguin colonies, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00467.x", "Takats et al. 2001. Guidelines for Nocturnal Owl Monitoring in North America. Beaverhill Bird Observatory and Bird Studies Canada, Edmonton, Alberta. 32 pp.", "http://www.bsc-eoc.org/download/Owl.pdf"
Scientific Name
The full name of lowest level taxon the Cataloged Item can be identified as a member of; includes genus name, specific epithet, and subspecific epithet (zool.) or infraspecific rank abbreviation, and infraspecific epithet (bot.) Use name of suprageneric taxon (e.g., family name) if Cataloged Item cannot be identified to genus, species, or infraspecific taxon.
The full name of lowest level taxon to which the cataloged item can be identified (e.g., genus name, specific epithet, subspecific epithet, etc.).
The full name of the lowest level taxon to which the organism has been identified in the most recent accepted determination, specified as precisely as possible, including name-author, year or authorship, sensu or sec. (according to or following) author, and indication of uncertainty. Conceptually equivalent to a full taxonomic identification as given by the identifier (verbatim). Does not include the identifier name or date of identification. Examples: "Coleoptera" (an Order), "Vespertilionidae" (a Family), "Manis" (a Genus), "Ctenomys sociabilis" (Genus + SpecificEpithet), "Ambystoma tigrinum diaboli" (Genus + SpecificEpithet + SubspecificEpithet), "Quercus agrifolia var. oxyadenia (Torr.) J.T. Howell" (Genus + SpecificEpithet + InfraspecificRank + InfraspecificEpithet + AuthorYearOfScientificName).
The taxon name (with date and authorship information if applicable). When forming part of an Identification, this should be the name in lowest level taxonomic rank that can be determined. This term should not contain identification qualifications, which should instead be supplied in the IdentificationQualifier term.
Examples: "Coleoptera" (order), "Vespertilionidae" (family), "Manis" (genus), "Ctenomys sociabilis" (genus + specificEpithet), "Ambystoma tigrinum diaboli" (genus + specificEpithet + infraspecificEpithet), "Quercus agrifolia var. oxyadenia (Torr.) J.T. Howell" (genus + specificEpithet + taxonRank + infraspecificEpithet + scientificNameAuthorship)
The full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known. When forming part of an Identification, this should be the name in lowest level taxonomic rank that can be determined. This term should not contain identification qualifications, which should instead be supplied in the IdentificationQualifier term.
Examples: "Coleoptera" (order), "Vespertilionidae" (family), "Manis" (genus), "Ctenomys sociabilis" (genus + specificEpithet), "Ambystoma tigrinum diaboli" (genus + specificEpithet + infraspecificEpithet), "Roptrocerus typographi (Györfi, 1952)" (genus + specificEpithet + scientificNameAuthorship), "Quercus agrifolia var. oxyadenia (Torr.) J.T. Howell" (genus + specificEpithet + taxonRank + infraspecificEpithet + scientificNameAuthorship)
Scientific Name Author
The author of a scientific name. Author string as applied to the accepted name. Can be more than one author (concatenated string). Should be formatted according to the conventions of the applicable taxonomic discipline.
The author of the ScientificName. Can be more than one author in a concatenated string. Should be formatted according to the conventions of the applicable taxonomic discipline.
Scientific Name Authorship
The authorship information for the scientificName formatted according to the conventions of the applicable nomenclaturalCode.
Example: "(Torr.) J.T. Howell", "(Martinovský) Tzvelev", "(Györfi, 1952)"
Scientific Name ID
A unique identifier for the scientificName.
An identifier for the nomenclatural (not taxonomic) details of a scientific name.
Example: "urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:37829-1:1.3"
Scientific Name Rank
The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "subsp.", "var.", "forma", "species", "genus"
Sex
The sex of a specimen. The domain should be a controlled set of terms (codes) based on community consensus. Proposed values: M=Male; F=Female; H=Hermaphrodite; I=Indeterminate (examined but could not be determined; U=Unkown (not examined); T=Transitional (between sexes; useful for sequential hermaphrodites)
The sex of a cataloged item (e.g., male, female, hermaphrodite, gynandromorph, not recorded, indeterminate, transitional - between sexes, for sequential hermaphrodites).
The sex of the biological individual represented by the cataloged object or observation. Examples: "male", "female", "hermaphrodite", "gynandromorph", "monoecious", "dioecious", "not recorded", "indeterminate", "transitional".
The sex of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "female", "hermaphrodite", "8 males, 4 females"
source material identifiers
A unique identifier assigned to a material sample (as defined by http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/MaterialSampleID, and as opposed to a particular digital record of a material sample) used for extracting nucleic acids, and subsequent sequencing. The identifier can refer either to the original material collected or to any derived sub-samples. The INSDC qualifiers /specimen_voucher, /bio_material, or /culture_collection provide additional context and suggested syntax for this identifier for data submitted to INSDC databases.
Source
Indicates who gave the record to the data provider. Can indicate a literature citation, an electronic dataset, etc. Is used to provide credit.
Species
The specific epithet of the organism
{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/SpeciesEpithet or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/FirstEpithet or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/SpeciesEpithet}
The phylogenetic specific epithet of the cataloged item.
Specific Epithet
The specific epithet of the scientific name applied to the organism.
The name of the first or species epithet of the scientificName.
Examples: "concolor", "gottschei"
Start End Coordinate Precision
An estimate of how tightly the locality was specified in the Start/End Latitude and Longitude fields; expressed as a distance, in meters, that corresponds to a radius around the latitude-longitude coordinates. Use NULL where precision is unknown, cannot be estimated, or is not applicable.
Start Day Collected
For samples/observations/record events that were taken over time this gives the start day of the collecting event. Possible value ranges from 01..31 inclusive.
Start Day Of Year
The earliest ordinal day of the year on which the Event occurred (1 for January 1, 365 for December 31, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366).
Start Julian Day
For samples/observations/record events that were taken over time this gives the start ordinal day of the year for the collecting event; i.e., the number of days since January 1 of the same year. (January 1 is Julian Day 1.). Should be an integer from one to 365, i.e. of the form (([0-3][0-9][0-9)|([0-9][0-9)|([1-9])).
Start Latitude
Start Longitude
Start Month Collected
For samples/observations/record events that were taken over time this gives the start month of the collecting event. Possible values range from 01...12 inclusive.
Start Time of Day
The time of day when the sampling event began, expressed as decimal hours from midnight local time. Examples: 0 = midnight, 12.0 = mid-day, 13.5 = 13:30
The time of day when the event began, expressed as decimal hours from midnight, local time.
Start Year Collected
For samples/observations/record events that were taken over time this gives the start year of the collecting event. The full year should be expressed (e.g. 1972 must be expressed as "1972" not "72"). Must always be a four digit integer.
State Province
The state, province or region (i.e. next political region smaller than Country) from which the specimen was collected. There is some suggestion to use the values described in ISO 3166-2 (http://www.iso.ch/cate/d8349.html), however these values are in a continual state of flux and it appears unlikely that an appropriate mechanism (by ISO) will be in place to manage these changes. Hence it is recommended that where possible, the full, unabbreviated name should be used for storing information. The server should optionally handle abbreviations as an access point. Note: this is a recurring theme (country and state) abbreviations. Check the existence of an attribute type to deal with abbreviations from the bib-1 profile
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= State or = Province (etc.)
The full, unabbreviated name of the state, province, or region (i.e., the next smaller political region than Country) from which the cataloged item was collected.
The full, unabbreviated name of the state, province, or region (i.e., the next smaller political region than Country) in which the organism was collected or observed.
The name of the next smaller administrative region than country (state, province, canton, department, region, etc.) in which the Location occurs.
Examples: "Montana", "Minas Gerais", "Córdoba"
Subgenus
The name of the subgenus in which the identified name is classified.
The name of the subgenus in which the scientificName is classified.
Example: "Strobus" subgenus of Pinus
The full scientific name of the subgenus in which the taxon is classified. Values should include the genus to avoid homonym confusion.
Examples: "Strobus (Pinus)", "Puma (Puma)" "Loligo (Amerigo)", "Hieracium subgen. Pilosella"
Subspecies
The sub-specific epithet of the organism
The phylogenetic subspecific epithet of the cataloged item.
Taxon
The category of information pertaining to taxonomic names or concepts.
A resource describing an instance of the Taxon class.
The category of information pertaining to taxonomic names, taxon name usages, or taxon concepts.
A group of organisms (sensu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026) considered by taxonomists to form a homogeneous unit.
Example: The genus Truncorotaloides as published by Brönnimann et al. in 1953 in the Journal of Paleontology Vol. 27(6) p. 817-820.
Taxon According To
Information about the authorship of this taxon concept which uses the scientificName in their sense (secundum, sensu). Could be a publication (identification key), institution or team of individuals.
Taxon Attributes
A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the taxon.
Example: "iucnstatus=vulnerable; distribution=Neuquen, Argentina"
Taxon Concept ID
A unique identifier for the taxon concept (a circumscription of a taxonName).
An identifier for the taxonomic concept to which the record refers - not for the nomenclatural details of a taxon.
Taxon ID
A global unique identifier for the taxon (name in a classification).
An identifier for the set of taxon information (data associated with the Taxon class). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Examples: "8fa58e08-08de-4ac1-b69c-1235340b7001", "32567", "http://species.gbif.org/abies_alba_1753", "urn:lsid:gbif.org:usages:32567"
Taxon Name ID
Taxonomic Status
The status of the use of the scientificName as a label for a taxon. Requires taxonomic opinion to define the scope of a taxon. Rules of priority then are used to define the taxonomic status of the nomenclature contained in that scope, combined with the experts opinion. It must be linked to a specific taxonomic reference that defines the concept. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "invalid", "misapplied", "homotypic synonym", "accepted"
Taxon Rank
Examples: "subspecies", "varietas", "forma", "species", "genus"
Taxon Remarks
Comments or notes about the taxon.
Example: "this name is a misspelling in common use"
Comments or notes about the taxon or name.
Temperature
The temperature recorded with the collection/record event. Is assumed to be taken at the collection depth. Expressed in degrees Celsius.
Time Collected
The time of day the cataloged item was collected, expressed as decimal hours from midnight, local time (e.g., 12.0 = noon, 13.5 = 1:30pm).
Time of Day
The time of day a specimen was collected expressed as decimal hours from midnight local time (e.g. 12.0 = mid day, 13.5 = 1:30pm)
Time Zone
Indicates the time zone for the Time of Day measurements.
Tissues
A concatenated list of tissues and preservation methods (whole (frozen), liver (EDTA), etc.) for the cataloged item.
Type Status
Indicates the kind of nomenclatural type that a specimen represents. (This is incomplete because type status actually describes the relationship between a name and a specimen [or ternary relatiohnship between a specimen, name, and publication].) In particular, the type status may not apply to the name listed in the scientific name, i.e., current identification. In rare cases, a single specimen may be the type of more than one name.
A list of one or more nomenclatural types that the cataloged item represents (e.g., "holotype of Ctenomys sociabilis. Pearson O. P., and M. I. Christie. 1985. Historia Natural, 5(37):388.").
A list of one or more nomenclatural types (including type status and typified taxonomic name) represented by the object. Example: "holotype of Ctenomys sociabilis. Pearson O. P., and M. I. Christie. 1985. Historia Natural, 5(37):388".
A list (concatenated and separated) of nomenclatural types (type status, typified scientific name, publication) applied to the subject.
Example: "holotype of Ctenomys sociabilis. Pearson O. P., and M. I. Christie. 1985. Historia Natural, 5(37):388"
The recommended best practice is to separate the values with a vertical bar (' | '). Examples: "holotype of Ctenomys sociabilis. Pearson O. P., and M. I. Christie. 1985. Historia Natural, 5(37):388", "holotype of Pinus abies | holotype of Picea abies".
Valid Distribution Flag
A flag ("true" or "false") that indicates whether the locality information represents a valid distribution occurrence for a specimen. Specimens taken from captivity and showing the captive location should use the value "false".
Verbatim Collecting Date
The verbatim original representation of the date information for the collecting event.
The verbatim original representation of the date (and time) information for the collecting event. Example: "spring 1910".
Verbatim Coordinates
A text representation of the coordinate data (Latitude/ Longitude, UTM, TRS, etc.) from its original source if it cannot be separated into its component parts. Example: "470999 1234300".
{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLon/CoordinatesText or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesUTM/UTMText}
The verbatim original spatial coordinates of the Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in verbatimCoordinateSystem.
Verbatim Coordinate System
The name of the system in which the verbatim geographic coordinates were recorded. Examples: "decimal degrees", "degrees minutes seconds", "degrees decimal minutes", "UTM"
The spatial coordinate system for the verbatimLatitude and verbatimLongitude or the verbatimCoordinates of the Location. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples: "decimal degrees", "degrees decimal minutes", "degrees minutes seconds", "UTM"
Verbatim Depth
A text representation of the Depth in its original format in the source database.
A text representation of the depth in its original format in the source database. Example: "100 to 200 ft below sea level".
The original description of the depth below the local surface.
Example: "100-200 m"
Verbatim Elevation
A text representation of the Elevation in its original format in the source database.
A text representation of the altitude in its original format in the source database. Example: "1000+- meters".
The original description of the elevation (altitude, usually above sea level) of the Location.
Verbatim EventDate
The verbatim original representation of the date and time information for an Event.
Examples: "spring 1910", "Marzo 2002", "1999-03-XX", "17IV1934"
Verbatim Latitude
A text representation of the Latitude data in its original format in the source database.
A text representation of the Latitude part of the coordinate data from its original source. Example: 47d09'99"N
The verbatim original latitude of the Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in verbatimCoordinateSystem.
Example: "41 05 54.03S"
Verbatim Locality
The original textual description of the place.
Example: "25 km NNE Bariloche por R. Nac. 237"
Verbatim Longitude
A text representation of the Longitude data in its original format in the source database.
A text representation of the Longitude part of the coordinate data from its original source. Example: -122.43254
The verbatim original longitude of the Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in verbatimCoordinateSystem.
Example: "121d 10' 34" W"
Verbatim Taxon Rank
The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName as it appears in the original record.
Examples: "Agamospecies", "sub-lesus", "prole", "apomict", "nothogrex", "sp.", "subsp.", "var."
Verbatim Scientific Name Rank
Examples: "Agamospecies", "sub-lesus", "prole", "apomict", "nothogrex".
Verbatim SRS
The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which coordinates given in verbatimLatitude and verbatimLongitude, or verbatimCoordinates are based. Recommended best practice is use the EPSG code as a controlled vocabulary to provide an SRS, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the geodetic datum, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the ellipsoid, if known. If none of these is known, use the value "unknown".
Vernacular Name
A common or vernacular name.
Examples: "Andean Condor", "Condor Andino", "American Eagle", "Gänsegeier"
Water Body
The full, unabbreviated name of the body of water in or over which the organism was collected or observed.
DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= Water body
The name of the water body in which the Location occurs. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
Examples: "Indian Ocean", "Baltic Sea", "Hudson River"
Year
The four-digit year in which the Event occurred, according to the Common Era Calendar.
Example: "2008"
Year Collected
The year (expressed as an integer) in which the specimen was collected. The full year should be expressed (e.g. 1972 must be expressed as "1972" not "72"). Must always be a four digit integer [-9999..9999]
The four digit year in the Common Era calendar in which the cataloged item was collected.
Year Identified
The year portion of the date when the Collection Item was identified; as four digits [-9999..9999], e.g., 1906, 2002.
The four digit year in the Common Era calendar in which the cataloged item was identified as having the ScientificName.